Seroprevalence and associated factors of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in indigenous chicken in eastern province in Rwanda

Abstract

ABSTRACT The status of Infectious bursal disease (IBD) in indigenous chickens and backyard poultry in Rwanda has not been previously elucidated. This cross-sectional study was to determine the seroprevalence of infectious bursal disease in indigenous chickens and to identify the associated factors. The study was been done in three districts in the Eastern province of Rwanda where blood from 364 indigenous chickens were collected. ID Screen® IBD indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect IBD antibodies in these birds. 145 questionnaires were also administered to poultry farmers to obtain information on biosecurity measures and associated factors to IBD outbreaks. The study revealed 48.4% (176/364) prevalence of the chicken with IBDV antibodies with statistical significance (P < .05) among/between location and age groups. The questionnaire revealed that there were other important associated factors which included chicken scavenging for seed as a source of food (59.3% of farmers reported), absence of routine vaccination (53.8%), live chickens are purchased from the open market with no information about IBD outbreaks and vaccination (30.0%), open disposal of dead chickens suspected of IBD (58.9%). IBD virus antibodies are present in indigenous chicken in Eastern Rwanda hence further investigation to better understand the epidemiology of IBD virus in indigenous chickens is desired and more research is needed to identify the role of indigenous chickens in the spread of IBD virus in Rwanda.