Abstract
Muslim et al, 2018. Damping-off of Chili Pepper Growing on Seedbed Soil from Farmers in Swamp Area of Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. JLSO 7(1): Research on disease severity of damping-off on chili seedling from used seedbed nursery soil from swampy area land in Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir was conducted in order to know what kind of pathogen that attack chili seddling and how is severe it’s severity. This study was aimed to identify the damping-off pathogens of chili pepper and to measure inoculum potential of seedbed soil from farmers in swamp area of Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. The experiment was conducted using survey method. The sample was taken by purposive sampling on chili seedbed nursery from six farmers all along swampy area in Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. The result showed that observation based on the sympton and laboratory assay on damping-off disease infected chili seedling was caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The percentage of Pre-emergence damping-off incidence was ranged from 6.5˗35.5%. The highest Pre-emergence damping-off incidence was observed on soil from Mr. Mimin and lowest incidence was found from Mr. Nukman. The percentage of post-emergence damping-off incidence was ranged from 0.5˗56.5%, where the highest percentage was observed from Mr. Rahmat and the lowest was observed from Mr. Joni. The percentage of disease severity of damping-off was ranged from 0.55˗28.75%, where the highest disease severity was also observed from Mr. Rahmat and the lowest one was observed from Mr. Nukman. Based on disease severity of chili damping˗off observed in this study was high, chili damping˗off disease is important disease during providing seedling. This disease was potential to reduce the quality and quantity of chili production.
Highlights
Research on disease severity of damping-off on chili seedling from used seedbed nursery soil from swampy area land
Ogan Ilir was conducted in order to know what kind of pathogen that attack chili seddling
This study was aimed to identify the damping-off pathogens of chili pepper
Summary
Pengambilan sampel tanah persemaian dilakukan dengan metode survey dan penentuan sampel tanah dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling). Penyebab Penyakit Hasil pengamatan pada persemaian cabai dari contoh tanah persemaian di Kecamatan Pemulutan, ditemukan satu jenis patogen yang menyerang tanaman cabai di persemaian yang diduga penyebab tersebut adalah jamur Rhizoctonia solani. Keparahan Penyakit Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan keparahan penyakit rebah kecambah pada tanaman cabai dari sampel tanah persemaian di Kecamatan Pemulutan pada hari ke-30 diketahui bahwa keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 0,55-28,75%. Sementara keparahan penyakit rebah kecambah pada tanah steril sangat rendah sebesar 0,55 lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan keparahan penyakit pada contoh tanah persemaian cabai dari kecamatan pemulutan tersebut (Gambar 5). Hasil pengamatan pada tanaman sakit dengan gejala rebah kecambah (damping-off) pada persemaian cabai yang tanahnya berasal dari bekas persemaian tanaman cabai di Kecamatan Pemulutan, ditemukan satu jenis jamur patogen yaitu. Tingginya insidensi penyakit damping-off pada persemaian ini mungkin disebabkan karena tanah yang diambil sebagai sampel tanah tersebut sudah terdapat inokulum dari jamur penyebab rebah kecambah. Penggunan pestisida anjuran merupakan bentuk pengendalian secara kimiawi, menurut Direktorat Sarana Produksi, Direktorat Jendral Tanaman Pangan, Departemen Pertanian (2006), pestisida yang dianjurkan untuk pengendalian R. solani dan Pythium sp. pada pembibitan dan persemaian adalah Altan 20 WP, Antracol 70 WP, Cupravit OB 21, Delsena MX 80 WP, Dhitane M-45 80 WP, Nemispor 80 WP, Polycom 80 WP, Previcur-N, Proplant 722 SC, Rizolex 50 WP, vondozeb 80 WP
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