Abstract
This study aimed to verify the efficiency of a sequential sampling plan for bean and soybean seeds, in the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum detection. Firstly the heterogeneity of Pérola and Bolinha Bean cultivars lots samples and IAC-Foscarin soybean was assessed, through H and R testing values, verifying their physiological and sanitary quality. To test the pathogen presence or absence a positive binomial distribution was used, in naturally infected seeds, and recovered by Neon-S and Roll Paper tests. The Neon-S test efficiency was obtained at different levels of infection. Statistical analysis for each test was made in DIC with four replications and the data subjected to variance analysis, and averages compared using the Tukey test (P < 0.05) probability. The soybean and bean seeds sampling sequence for mycelial Sclerotinia sclerotiorum detection was efficient, once at least 800 and 1.000 seeds are evaluated considering 0.01 and 0.005%, incidences respectively. The Neon-S and Towel Paper methods were sensitive to the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycelial detection in soybean and bean seeds.
Highlights
The epidemics’ occurrence by the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) DeBary in soybean and bean cultures, in regions where favorable climatic conditions to pathogen exist, has lead to a major concern from the producers
Until the 90s the occurrence of white mold, common name of the disease caused by the respective pathogen, was restricted to southern Brazil and sporadically in areas of central Minas Gerais and Goiás states
In the Seed Analysis Rules, three different methods are recommended for the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum detection in beans and soy seed lots, which are the paper towel, blotter and Neon tests
Summary
The epidemics’ occurrence by the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) DeBary in soybean and bean cultures, in regions where favorable climatic conditions to pathogen exist, has lead to a major concern from the producers. Until the 90s the occurrence of white mold, common name of the disease caused by the respective pathogen, was restricted to southern Brazil and sporadically in areas of central Minas Gerais and Goiás states. Both the farmers and the seed trade, because of the white mold. The damage from the pathogen/seed association result in reductions in seedling emergence and productivity, as well as damage to the entire agricultural system, through the disease’s spread, transforming the regions unsuitable for the vegetative species growing. The health issue, demanding the communicable diseases control by seeds is important in the agricultural production, once it refers to the damage caused to the seeds, and to the economic expression of each disease (Menten, 1995)
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