Abstract
An experiment was run to distinguish the explanatory value of two explanations of choice shifts involving risk. The present research involved manipulation of the sequence of group vs individual decisions. By the logic of the diffusion of responsibility thesis, groups should be riskier than individuals in all cases. According to the cultural value explanation, when the group precedes the individual situation the riskiness or cautiousness of the group decision should not differ from the individual's decision. A factorial design incorporating Kogan and Wallach's choice dilemmas items was utilized. An Individual-to-Group and a Group-to-Individual presentation made up the sequence treatment: 10 male and 10 female groups (five members each) comprised the sex treatment. The results supported the cultural value hypothesis and led to the conclusion that the cultural value hypothesis was of greater explanatory value than the diffusion of responsibility notion even when one is considering only group shifts to risk.
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