Separation of fine lepidolite from quartz by reverse flotation using sodium metaphosphate as depressant

Starch, dextrin, sodium silicate (SS), and recently sodium co-silicate (SCS) are the most known depressants for the depression of iron oxides through the traditional reverse flotation. However, all these depressants’ adsorption mechanisms on the surface of iron oxides and their main associated minerals (silicate and phosphates) through the reverse anionic flotation did not yet been thoroughly investigated. For filling this gap, as a comparative investigation, this study implemented Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential measurement, and micro-flotation tests to determine the adsorption mechanisms of these depressants and explored their effects on the floatabilities of pure hematite, quartz, and fluorapatite. Micro-flotation test results illustrated that all the examined depressants could depress hematite in the presence of an anionic collector. Still, the efficiencies of SS and SCS were higher than those of starch and dextrin. SCS had the lowest depression effect on quartz, and fluorapatite floatability compared to other depressants. Surface analyses depicted that dextrin and starch decreased the collector adsorption on the fluorapatite surface, where SCS and SS had a negligible effect on its floatability. The co-existence of physical and chemical bonds created between dextrin/starch and fluorapatite was the reason for its depression through the anionic reverse flotation.

Most hydrophobic clay minerals, such as clinochlore, are known to cause problems in the recovery of cassiterite. In this study, a new reagent scheme, i.e., sodium oleate (NaOL) as a collector and Al (III) ions as a depressant, for reverse flotation separation of cassiterite and clinochlore was investigated. The flotation performance and interaction mechanism were studied by microflotation tests, adsorption tests, contact angle measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Results of single mineral flotation experiments showed that NaOL had a different flotation performance on cassiterite and clinochlore, and the addition of Al (III) ions could selectively inhibit the floatability of cassiterite. Reverse flotation tests performed on mixed minerals indicated that the separation of cassiterite and clinochlore could be achieved in the presence of NaOL and Al (III) ions. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that Al (III) ions hindered the adsorption of NaOL on cassiterite surfaces but exerted little influence on the adsorption of NaOL on clinochlore surfaces. Results of contact angle measurements indicated that Al (III) ions could impede the hydrophobization process of cassiterite in NaOL solution. XPS results showed that aluminum species were adsorbed onto the cassiterite surfaces through the interaction with O sites.

A novel macromolecular depressant for reverse flotation: Synthesis and depressing mechanism in the separation of hematite and quartz

To investigate the flotation separation behavior of petalite and quartz, various methods were employed in this study. These included micro-flotation experiments, a contact angle analysis, zeta potential analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to explore the separation mechanism of a modified ether amine reagent (L0-503) for petalite and quartz under weakly alkaline conditions. The micro-flotation test results indicated that the modified ether amine collector had a higher collecting ability for quartz than for petalite, with a maximum recovery rate of 93.2% for quartz and a recovery rate consistently below 14% for petalite in the presence of L0-503. This indicates that the modified ether amine reagent can be used as a reverse flotation agent for separating petalite and quartz. The separation mechanism results showed that the modified ether amine reagent had a significantly higher adsorption capacity for quartz than for petalite due to a strong reaction between the quartz and the secondary amine (-NH=) on the modified ether amine collector. Additionally, the electrostatic force and hydrogen bonding between the reagent and quartz further enhanced the adsorption, while no reaction occurred between the reagent and petalite.

Selective flotation of brucite from calcite using HEDP-4Na as an inhibitor in a SDS system

A novel sulfur-containing ionic liquid collector for the reverse flotation separation of pyrrhotite from magnetite

Study on the interactions of two models of enzymes as eco-friendly depressants in flotation separation of apatite from hematite

Synergistic adsorption mechanism of novel combined collector in flotation separation of fayalite from magnetite: Experiments and MD simulations

Efficiently separating magnesite from quartz using N-hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride as a collector via reverse flotation

Research on the separation of malachite from quartz with S-carboxymethyl-O, O′-dibutyl dithiophosphate chelating collector and its insights into flotation mechanism

Tungsten is a commercially important metal element that usually coexists with a variety of non-ferrous metals, which makes its extraction difficult. Scheelite is a commonly occurring tungsten-containing ore with the formula CaWO4. Improving the surface properties of scheelite to increase its adsorption of the collector for flotation separation is the focus of our current research. In this paper, the effects of manganese ions on scheelite flotation in benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) system were studied by micro-flotation tests, adsorption tests, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The addition of Mn2+ was found to improve the recovery of scheelite. The addition of Mn2+ greatly improved the recovery of scheelite. Infrared spectroscopy, adsorption tests, zeta potential measurements and XPS analysis all confirmed that BHA had a higher adsorption capacity and a stronger bond to the surface of scheelite after the addition of manganese ions, increasing the floatability of scheelite particles. Therefore, Mn2+ shows great potential for the improvement of the flotation index of scheelite in a system with BHA.

Typical nanofluid containing metal or non-metallic nanoparticles dispersed in water with high surface energy. This condition causes aggregation and leads to the instability of the nanofluid dispersion in media. The inclusion of surfactants during the bead-milling process can increase the amount of dispersion stability of nanofluids with bigger particle sizes. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum surfactant in stabilizing SiO2 nanofluid and investigate the effect of surfactant addition during the bead-milling process since the effect of different types of surfactant in the bead mill remains unclear and varied. The sol-gel method was used to synthesize SiO2 particles from waterglass. The preparation of SiO2 nanofluid began with screening surfactants to determine the optimum surfactant concentration. Then, the SiO2 nanofluid was prepared by using a bead mill with the addition of the surfactant. The Zeta potential analysis and particle size analyzer (PSA) were used to visualize the dispersion stability of all the prepared nanofluid samples. The results showed that adding 0.1 weight percent of PEG 6000 as a nonionic surfactant increased the stability of the dispersion, producing an average particle distribution of 502.7 nm and a zeta potential of -48.9 mV. The average value of particle size can be reduced using bead mill down to 241.7 nm (aggregate size) with 39.8 nm primary particle resulting in -45 mV zeta potential.

Selective flotation separation of hemimorphite from quartz using the biosurfactant sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate as a novel collector

Selective inhibition mechanism of PBTCA on flotation separation of magnesite from calcite

Flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of monazite after the transformation of hydrogen-based mineral phase by octyl hydroxamic acid