Sensitivity of serum S100B protein as a disease activity marker in Egyptian patients with vitiligo (case-control study)

Abstract

Background Vitiligo is a depigmented skin disease. S100B is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein proposed as a marker of melanocyte cytotoxicity. Aim To detect the sensitivity of serum levels of S100B as a disease activity marker in vitiligo patients. Methods Four patient groups of both sexes: twenty segmental vitiligo, twenty non-segmental active vitiligo patients, twenty non-segmental stable vitiligo patients and thirty healthy controls age and sex-matched, patients were subjected to vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA score) and Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index (VETI) score. Results An increased level of S100B was observed in patients with vitiligo compared to control, there was statistically significant increase in its level in non- segmental-active than non-segmental stable and segmental-stable. Roc analysis for S100B to predict cases vs control was confirmed by getting cut off point 80.2 pg/ml, with high sensitivity 96.67 and high specificity 96.67. Roc analysis for S100B to predict non-segmental-active versus segmental and non-segmental was also confirmed by getting cut off point 118.3 pg/ml, with sensitivity 80.0 and specificity 77.50. Conclusion S100B can be used as indicators for disease activity with high sensitivity and specificity in Egyptian vitiligo patients.