Abstract
The coal-fired power unit integration with a CO2 capture and compression installation involves a considerable rise in the costs of electricity generation. Therefore, there is a need for a continuous search for methods of improving the electricity generation efficiency in steam power plants. One technology which is especially promising is the advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) power unit. Apart from steam parameters upstream the turbine, the overall efficiency also depends on the efficiency values of individual elements of the plant and the size of energy consumption of the process of CO2 sequestration from the boiler flue gases. These problems are considered herein to emphasize that without specifying the efficiency values of the power plant main elements the information concerning its electricity generation efficiency is incomplete. This paper presents the influence of the efficiency of individual elements of the power plant on its electricity generation efficiency. The lack of information of the efficiencies of the power plant individual elements, by presenting its overall efficiency, may lead to the false conclusions.
Highlights
The electricity generation efficiency in coal-fired power plants has an enormous impact on the consumption of fossil fuels and on emissions into the environment
It should be noted that overall electricity generation efficiency of a steam power unit is affected by internal efficiencies of individual elements of the power engineering machinery and equipment used in the plant
In order to present changes in the steam power unit efficiency resulting from changes in the efficiency of its individual elements, the typical range of changes in efficiency of the basic components of the steam turbine installation was applied
Summary
The electricity generation efficiency in coal-fired power plants has an enormous impact on the consumption of fossil fuels and on emissions into the environment. It should be noted that overall electricity generation efficiency of a steam power unit is affected by internal efficiencies of individual elements of the power engineering machinery and equipment used in the plant. In the case of a coal-fired power unit integrated with an installation of carbon dioxide capture by means of chemical absorption the electricity generation efficiency is hugely affected by the energy consumption of the process of CO2 sequestration from flue gases, which may vary during the power unit service life due to the use of new and better amines [4] [5]. In the case of thermodynamic calculations of cycles of coal-fired power units, the obtained values of the gross and net efficiency of electricity generation depend on assumed values of the input data, i.e. on the boiler power efficiency, the turbine internal efficiency, the condenser pressure, the power unit own-needs index, the pressure loss in the boiler and steam pipelines, the heat loss in regenerative heaters. An analysis was conducted of the sensitivity of the coal-fired power unit efficiency to the energy consumption of the process of CO2 separation from flue gases in the case of a coal-fired power unit integrated with an installation of carbon dioxide capture by means of chemical absorption
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