Abstract
The fossil energy resources upon which we are heavily dependent will inevitably be depleted in the not-so-distant future. Solar energy may be the best and perhaps only choice for meeting long-term human energy needs. Photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting are ideal approaches to the conversion of solar energy into clean chemical energy H2, an excellent energy carrier. In this chapter, basic concepts including thermodynamics and experimental methods of photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry were introduced. As an important aspect of this research, the design of visible-light-driven semiconducting materials was discussed. Then, we summarized recent advancements in photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting, as well as the current understanding of the mechanisms of these reactions.
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