Abstract
Background Hypertension prevalence is continuously rising and is projected to be 1.56 billion cases by the year 2025. Despite the great progress made in the treatment of hypertension, many patients still do not achieve optimal results and experience devastating complications due to uncontrolled high blood pressure. Objective The aim of this study is to assess self-care practice and associated factors among hypertensive patients. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Tabor Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from October to November 2020. A single population proportion formula and systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit 392 study participants. The data were entered to Epi-Info software version 7.1 and then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. A descriptive statistic was expressed as percentage, frequency, and mean. Finally, multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with dependent variable using a p value of <0.05. Results A total 392 eligible hypertensive patients participated in the study. The self-care practice among hypertension patients was found to be 54.1%. Urban residency (AOR = 2.17; 95% CI, 1.2–3.9), social support (AOR = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.13–3.39), good knowledge (AOR = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.15–2.91), age between 40 and 64 (AOR = 3.15; 95% CI, 1.19–8.3), age ≥65 (AOR = 3.81; 95% CI, 1.35–10.7), and stress control (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.06–2.67) were predictors of hypertension self-care practice. Conclusion and Recommendation. The study revealed that almost one out of two hypertension patients had good hypertension self-care practice. Good social support, age greater than 40 years, urban residency, good basic knowledge, and having stress control were positively associated with hypertensive self-care practice.
Highlights
Hypertension prevalence is continuously rising and is projected to be 1.56 billion cases by the year 2025
Self-care practice in this study is higher than studies conducted in Tigray with 23% [12] and in Harar town with 29% [16]. is variation might be that the participants in this study had relatively good basic knowledge regarding hypertension, and a large number of our study participants were urban residence which paves the way to accessible health facility
Is study revealed that the odds of age greater than or equal to 65 years had 3.8 times more likely to have good selfcare practice compared to age less than 40 years. is was supported by the study done in Harar town [16] and in Jima [21]. e study done in North Ethiopia Tigray; hypertension patients with the age of greater than or equal to 65 years were 3.2 times more likely to adapt to good self-care practice towards hypertension than those above the age of 65 years [12]. is variation may be because the government currently gives puts emphasis on NCD prevention and control and healthcare providers are given health education and training
Summary
Hypertension prevalence is continuously rising and is projected to be 1.56 billion cases by the year 2025. E aim of this study is to assess self-care practice and associated factors among hypertensive patients. Urban residency (AOR 2.17; 95% CI, 1.2–3.9), social support (AOR 2.12; 95% CI, 1.13–3.39), good knowledge (AOR 1.83; 95% CI, 1.15–2.91), age between 40 and 64 (AOR 3.15; 95% CI, 1.19–8.3), age ≥65 (AOR 3.81; 95% CI, 1.35–10.7), and stress control (AOR 1.6; 95% CI, 1.06–2.67) were predictors of hypertension self-care practice. Age greater than 40 years, urban residency, good basic knowledge, and having stress control were positively associated with hypertensive self-care practice. According to the Ethiopian Federal Minster of Health (FMOH) 2019/20 annual report, out of the total screened adult population, 311,591 (12%) have raised BP From these people who had raised BP, 132,777 (43%) had enrolled to receive care [6]
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