Self‐Assembled Two‐Dimensional Protein and Peptide Materials: Fabrication, Functionalization, and Applications

Abstract

Self-assembled protein and peptide nanomaterials have unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, revealing wide applications in various fields. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances in the synthesis, functionalization, and bioapplications of two-dimensional (2D) self-assembled protein and peptide materials. For this aim, the methodologies for the fabrication of 2D protein and peptide (including peptoid) materials, such as the self-assembly in solution, on the surface, at various interfaces, templated synthesis, and vacuum filtration, are introduced. Furthermore, the functionalization of 2D protein and peptide materials with inorganic crystals, metallic nanoparticles, biomolecules, polymers, and other components is demonstrated and discussed. In addition, the potential applications of 2D protein and peptide materials in tissue engineering, drug delivery, antibacterial materials, biosensors, as well as biocatalysis and biosynthesis are presented. This work will be highly helpful for readers to understand the formation mechanisms of various organic 2D protein/peptide materials and promote the design of novel 2D organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials for advanced applications.