Abstract
Self-healing ‘green’ thermoset zein resin was developed using elongated multi-geometrical poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules (MCs) containing waxy maize starch (WMS) or oxidized WMS (OWMS) as healing agents. A novel method combining co-axial injection and emulsion-solvent evaporation technique was developed to fabricate multi-geometrical MCs with aspect ratios greater than 1. While their rougher surface enhances the resin-MC mechanical bonding, higher aspect ratio increases the probability of MC being in the path of microcracks. Also, the OWMS, containing aldehyde groups, forms covalent bonds with zein, whereas WMS only provides H-bonding. Results indicated that zein resins with 15 wt% WMS/PLGA and OWMS/PLGA MCs had self-healing efficiencies of 51% and 72% in fracture stress, respectively. This significant enhancement for OWMS healant is possibly due to covalent bonding with zein resin. This study demonstrates that self-healing thermoset zein resin can be a promising ‘green’ solution with longer service life, for a broad range of applications.
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