Abstract
The main aim of this article is to identify certain specificity in self-employment of foreigners in EU countries and to find out whether the differences in self-employment of foreigners between countries are diminishing. Within the main objective, we have set two sub-objectives. The first sub-objective is to compare EU countries on the basis of the following indicators: 1/ number of self-employed foreigners and 2/ share of self-employed foreigners in employed persons from foreign countries. The second sub-objective is to determine whether EU countries converge in the number of the share of self-employed foreigners in the number of employed persons from foreign countries. We have confirmed that the countries have a tendency to convergence in regard to the share of self-employed foreigners in employed persons from foreign countries. We assume that this tendency can also be due to the pressure of the labour market that shows a lack of labour force. The share of self-employed migrants is relatively high in Eastern Europe. On the other hand, their increase is below average compared to the EU.
Highlights
Migration is a topical issue of many countries
The largest absolute numbers of immigrants are in economically developed countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom (Simionescu et al, 2017)
Due to the availability of data in the Slovak Republic only from certain years, we focused mainly on the period from 2010 to 2016
Summary
Migration is a topical issue of many countries. The advantages and disadvantages of migration are being analysed. Migrants’ reasons for immigration are divided into two groups. “Push factors” are represented by negative domestic conditions that motivate individuals to seek work abroad. “Pull factors” can be described as positive conditions in the countries of destination that make them more attractive for potential migrants (Čajka, Jaroszewicz, & Strielkowski, 2014). Demographic development in less developed countries differs from developed countries. The number of immigrants and the share of immigrants vary from country to country. Important influencing factors are the economic situation and migration policy of the countries. The largest absolute numbers of immigrants are in economically developed countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom (Simionescu et al, 2017)
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