Abstract
SummaryNature has evolved elaborate, dynamic organelle morphologies for optimal organelle functions. Among them, cisternae stacks are the universal structure for most organelles. However, compared with the well-studied spherical cell/organelle membrane mimic, the fabrication of the ubiquitously present cisternal organelle-like membrane structures for organelle mimic remains a challenging task. Herein, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)-like helicoidal cisternae stacks were assembled to mimic the enzyme crowded environment in spatially confined RER cisternae. RER-like single helicoid, multiple helicoids, and secondary helix are all observed. Membrane electrostatics drives their formation and controls the percentages, which indicates the possible role of membrane electrostatics in RER shaping. The organelle-like cisternae stacks can reversibly expand and compress, which provides modulated crowded or de-crowded enzyme environment for biochemical reactions. This work provides advanced membrane models, and novel mechanisms for organelle shaping and helicoids formation, and holds great potential in biomimetics, cell biology, and advanced materials design.
Highlights
The existence of diverse intracellular membrane systems with characteristic morphologies was one of the most fascinating features of eukaryotic cells
Cisternae stacks extensively found in Golgi apparatus, grana, and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) constituted the major component of intracellular membrane systems
The cisternae stacks in Golgi apparatus stacked close to each other via protein connection at a typical intercisternal distance of 7–15 nm (Tachikawa and Mochizuki, 2017; Mollenhauer and Morre, 1991)
Summary
The existence of diverse intracellular membrane systems with characteristic morphologies was one of the most fascinating features of eukaryotic cells. Cisternae stacks extensively found in Golgi apparatus, grana, and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) constituted the major component of intracellular membrane systems. They shared similar cisternae-stacks-based morphologies, these intracellular membrane systems were essentially different in their spatial organization. The grana existed as cylindrical stacks of flattened and closely appressed cisternae, which were interconnected by the fret-like stromal lamellae around the cylinder (Ruban and Johnson, 2015; Shimoni et al, 2005). The mechanisms for the generation and maintenance of these different cisternae-stacks-based intracellular membrane systems are still less understood
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