Abstract
In contrast to the multiple low abundance 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-reactive tryptic peptides formed by oxidation of LDL with reagent HOCl in vitro, myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation produces a dominant product in considerably greater yield and selectivity. This modified peptide had a single amino-terminal sequence corresponding to amino acids 53–66 of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100), but its mass spectra indicated a significantly higher mass than could be reconciled with simple modifications of this peptide. Subsequent studies indicate that this product appears to result from N-chlorination of the N-terminal amino group of apoB-100 and dehydrohalogenation to the corresponding imine, which may form the hydrazone derivative directly, or after hydrolysis to the ketone. The methionine residue is oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxide, and the primary sequence peptide (residues 1–14 of apoB-100) is linked by the intramolecular disulfide bond between C-12 and C-61 to the peptide composed of residues 53–66, as we have observed previously (Yang, C-Y., T. W. Kim, S. A. Weng, B. Lee, M. Yang, and A. M. Gotto, Jr. 1990. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87: 5523–5527) in unmodified LDL. The selective oxidation by myeloperoxidase of the N-terminal amine suggests strong steric effects in the approach of substrate to the enzyme catalytic site, an effect that may apply to other macromolecules and to cell surface molecules.—Yang, C-y., J. Wang, A. N. Krutchinsky, B. T. Chait, J. D. Morrisett, and C. V. Smith. Selective oxidation in vitro by myeloperoxidase of the N-terminal amine in apolipoprotein B-100.
Highlights
In contrast to the multiple low abundance 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine-reactive tryptic peptides formed by oxidation of LDL with reagent HOCl in vitro, myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation produces a dominant product in considerably greater yield and selectivity
The lower m/z region of the more definitive ESI-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation spectra of the m/z ϭ 1,143.886 (3ϩ) ion revealed a sequence of b series ions that are consistent with residues 53–59 of apoB-100 (Fig. 2A)
The VEL fragment sequence observed in this spectrum is consistent with doubly charged yЈЈ ions from residue 55 to 57, with the VE residues (53 and 54, respectively) implied by the mass difference indicated by the ion at m/z ϭ 1,601.273 (z ϭ 2ϩ) and the mass of 3,428.658 indicated for the parent compound (Fig. 1)
Summary
In contrast to the multiple low abundance 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine-reactive tryptic peptides formed by oxidation of LDL with reagent HOCl in vitro, myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation produces a dominant product in considerably greater yield and selectivity This modified peptide had a single amino-terminal sequence corresponding to amino acids 53–66 of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB100), but its mass spectra indicated a significantly higher mass than could be reconciled with simple modifications of this peptide. We isolated and characterized 14 of Abbreviations: apo, apolipoprotein; DNPH, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; ESI, electrospray ionization; MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization; MPO, myeloperoxidase These modified peptides, the majority of which were derived from oxidation of cysteine residues located in peptides that are released by limited tryptic digestion of intact LDL particles, suggesting that these sequences are located on the surface of the LDL particle [10]
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