Abstract
Herein, adsorption, separation, and reduction of Au(III) from its aqueous solution were studied with different amine-type, non-woven fabric (NF) adsorbents fabricated with radiation-induced graft polymerization. The adsorbents exhibited different adsorption capacities of Au(III) over a concentration range of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from 5 mM to 5 M, and the diethylamine (DEA)-type adsorbent performed best under all test conditions. The DEA-type adsorbent was inert toward other metal ions, including Cu(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Li(I), within the fixed concentration range of HCl. Flow-through adsorption tests indicated DEA-type adsorbent exhibited a rapid recovery and high adsorption capacity of 3.23 mmol/g. Meanwhile, DEA-type adsorbent also exhibited high selectivity and rapid extraction for Au(III) from its mixed solution with Pt(IV) and Pd(II). After adsorption, the reduction of Au(III) was confirmed by XRD spectra, TEM, and digital micrograph images. The results indicated that nano-sized Au particles were mainly concentrated on the adsorbent in 5 mM HCl solution. In 1 M HCl solution, not only nano-sized Au particles were found, but also micro-size Au plates precipitation occurred. This study provides a novel material for selective and efficient gold uptake from aqueous solution.
Highlights
Gold has widely been used because of its excellent physical and chemical properties [1,2].gold is an essential element in electronic communications and the aerospace and medical industries [3,4,5]
The adsorption, separation, and reduction process of Au(III) by amine-type adsorbent synthesized via radiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization are presented, and the results provide a novel material for selective and enhanced gold recovering from aqueous solution
After graft polymerization of 4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate glycidyl ether (4-HB) onto PE/PP non-woven fabric (NF), several organic amines were used to modify the material into functional adsorbents, and the morphology of them were studied by SEM, the micrographs equal in scale
Summary
Gold has widely been used because of its excellent physical and chemical properties [1,2].gold is an essential element in electronic communications and the aerospace and medical industries [3,4,5]. Gold has widely been used because of its excellent physical and chemical properties [1,2]. Gold resources on Earth are small and non-renewable, while at the same time, there is increasing demand and decreasing amounts of gold deposits which will limit the practical application of gold to a certain extent, such that the recovery and reuse of gold is of particular importance. For this reason, precious metals in wastewater have gradually attracted individual’s attention [6,7]. Methods such as co-precipitation [11], adsorption [12,13,14,15,16], electrochemical [17], bioleaching and solvent extraction [18,19], etc., have been used to extract precious metals from solutions
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