Abstract
Background: Early anemia of prematurity (EAP) is a serious issue of contemporary neonatology due to increasing survivability of premature infants. One of the most efficient preventive methods is extreme prematurity prevention. At the same time, efficacy of different methods of EAP therapy remains undetermined. Objective: Our aim was to compare efficacy of erythrocyte-containing donor blood components (packed red cells, erythrocytic suspension) and recombinant epoetin beta for treating premature infants with EAP. Methods: The retrospective cohort study provided analysis of data of premature infants (gestation age — 27–32 weeks) born with very low (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and EAP (hemoglobin < 110 g/l, hematocrit < 27%, reticulocyte share < 20‰, normochromia, normocytosis; all criteria must have been met). We determined primary hematological morphological parameters and population structure of umbilical (at birth) and peripheral blood (after 30 days of treatment) leukocytes. Results: 32 premature infants with EAP underwent donor blood component transfusions, 26 — recombinant epoetin beta injections. The groups were comparable in terms of the primary clinical laboratory parameters. In the donor blood component group, we observed lower hemoglobin concentration (108 ± 17 vs. 119 ± 16 g/l in the epoetin beta group; p = 0.07) and reticulocyte share (3.7 ± 1.5 vs. 8.7 ± 1.7‰, respectively; p = 0,053) at the age of 1 month. We revealed a drop in cell immunity parameters in the setting of donor blood component transfusions: CD4+ lymphocyte share — down to 32,2 ± 14,0% (in the epoetin beta group; p = 0.055); CD8+ lymphocyte share — down to 21,2 ± 7,1% (in the epoetin beta group; p = 0.050). Conclusion: Epoetin beta is more efficient in terms of EAP correction in premature infants with VLBW and ELBW that erythrocyte-containing donor blood component transfusions. The latter are characterized by adverse effect on cell immunity parameters.
Highlights
Anemia of prematurity (EAP) is a serious issue of contemporary neonatology due to increasing survivability of premature infants
We revealed a drop in cell immunity parameters in the setting of donor blood component transfusions: CD4+ lymphocyte share — down to 32,2 ± 14,0%; CD8+ lymphocyte share — down to 21,2 ± 7,1%
Epoetin beta is more efficient in terms of Early anemia of prematurity (EAP) correction in premature infants with VLBW and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) that erythrocyte-containing donor blood component transfusions
Summary
Цель исследования: сравнить эффективность эритроцитсодержащих компонентов донорской крови (эритроцитарная масса, эритроцитарная взвесь) и рекомбинантного эпоэтина бета в лечении недоношенных детей с РАН. Методы: в ретроспективном когортном исследовании проанализированы данные недоношенных детей (гестационный возраст 27–32 нед), родившихся с очень низкой (ОНМТ) и экстремально низкой (ЭНМТ) массой тела и РАН (гемоглобин < 110 г/л, гематокрит < 27%, доля ретикулоцитов < 20‰, нормохромия, нормоцитоз; соответствие всем критериям было обязательным). Результаты: трансфузии компонентов донорской крови получили 32, рекомбинантный эпоэтин бета — 26 недоношенных ребенка с РАН. Заключение: для коррекции РАН у недоношенных детей, родившихся с ОНМТ и ЭНМТ, эпоэтин бета более эффективен, чем трансфузии эритроцитсодержащих компонентов донорской крови. Н. Выбор терапевтической тактики при ранней анемии недоношенных у детей с очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела при рождении: результаты ретроспективного исследования. Гематологические показатели определяли в пуповинной (при рождении) и в периферической крови через
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