Selection of Li-Ion Batteries Used On Electric Vehicles

Abstract

The lithium-ion battery is one such energy source. Li-Ion batteries are widely used in EVs for three reasons: they are more energy efficient than conventional batteries, have a longer lifespan, and charge batteries more quickly. The following is a succinct description of the Li-Ion battery's operating principle: The battery's active component is the electrochemical cell, consisting of a cathode and an anode, which are separated and connected by an electrolyte. The primary function of the electrolyte is to facilitate the movement of ions. When the battery is discharged, lithium ions migrate from the anode through the electrolyte to the cathode, while the accompanying electron powers an electrical device. During the charging process, electrons travel from the cathode to the anode through the separator, while current flows from the anode to the cathode. The performance of Li-Ion batteries is primarily influenced by the materials used for the cathode and anode. Early in the nineteenth century, electric vehicles (EVs) using batteries were designed and manufactured. However, compared to fossil fuel cars, whose ingenuity and development outshone EVs, it lagged behind in producing high power. At the moment, internal combustion engines powered by fossil fuels are being phased out in favour of electrical motors for traction because of climate change. Zero CO2 emissions, development on materials has advanced significantly thanks to nanotechnology, and battery development is no exception. On the creation of nanostructured materials for electrodes used in li-ion batteries, several research studies have been described. To provide safe, sturdy, and trustworthy automotive vehicle systems, reliable systems are essential. The selection of Li-ion batteries for use in electric vehicles (EVs) holds significant research significance. Li-ion batteries are currently the preferred choice for EVs due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and relatively low self-discharge rate. However, there are several key research areas that contribute to the importance of battery selection: In this Research we will be using Weighted product method and Weighted sum method. Alternate Parameters taken as LCOB, LNMCOB, LMOB, LFPB, LTOB. Evaluation Parameters taken as Reliability, Safety, Specific power, Specific energy density, Price. The study that was done is briefly summarised in the following lines, along with a prediction of potential future actions. It discusses the evaluation process that was put together before going through the findings related to the utilisation of Li-NMC and Life P batteries in electric cars.