Abstract
This research was carried out to estimate the variability and genetic parameters for the development of cultivars more frost resistant in Coffea arabica progenies, carrying C. liberica var. dewevrei genes. There is genetic variability for frost resistance in progenies with C. liberica var. dewevrei genes. The rust resistance, vegetative vigor and yield potential should be considered when developing cultivars adapted to frost occurrence areas. Cultivars with yield precocity such as IAPAR 59, that allows a faster recovery yield after a severe frost, minimizing the damage from the phenomenon. The use of index selection is efficient to select simultaneously progenies with greater frost adaptation, vegetative vigor, rust resistance and yield.
Highlights
IntroductionThe existence of genetic variability for frost resistance among Coffea species and among C. arabica accessions has been reported in previous studies
Frost is one of major problems in coffee crop, especially in the states of Paraná, São Paulo and south Minas Gerais, where a severe frost occurs every 5 to 6 years (Caramori and Manetti Filho 1993).There is some controversy about the possibility of obtaining coffee cultivars more resistant to frost, especially because of Coffea spp. came originally from tropical climate regions and because it is difficult to separate the genetic and environmental effects when assessing frost resistance.The existence of genetic variability for frost resistance among Coffea species and among C. arabica accessions has been reported in previous studies
The Fundação Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (1978) reported that the C. liberica var. dewevrei and C. racemosa species are 30% less susceptible compared with the best C. arabica genotypes for frost resistance
Summary
The existence of genetic variability for frost resistance among Coffea species and among C. arabica accessions has been reported in previous studies. Dewevrei and C. racemosa species are 30% less susceptible compared with the best C. arabica genotypes for frost resistance. Among the C. arabica cultivars, Mundo Novo is 30% less susceptible to radiation frost than Catuaí (Caramori and Sera 1979) and Catuaí is 30% less susceptible to wind frost than Mundo Novo (Sera 2001). Söderholm and Gaskins (1981) reported differences in frost resistance among C. arabica accessions and indicated C. racemosa as the Coffea species most resistant to frost. Triller et al (2001) detected genetic variability among C. arabica species and accessions confirming C. racemosa and C. liberica var. Villalobos is 15% less susceptible to radiation frost than Catuaí and that genotypes with later maturation are more susceptible to frost. Söderholm and Gaskins (1981) reported differences in frost resistance among C. arabica accessions and indicated C. racemosa as the Coffea species most resistant to frost. Triller et al (2001) detected genetic variability among C. arabica species and accessions confirming C. racemosa and C. liberica var. dewevrei as more resistant than C. arabica and C. canephora
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