Secondary osteoporosis or secondary contributors to bone loss in fracture. causes and pathophysiology of secondary osteoporosis

Abstract

Cases of osteoporosis that have a specific cause are defined as secondary osteoporosis. Secondary osteoporosis may be caused by various diseases and drugs, malnutrition, and other factors. Because secondary osteoporosis can be dramatically improved by treating the primary disease, it is extremely important to differentiate secondary osteoporosis at the time of diagnosis of primary osteoporosis. Because the pathophysiological condition that causes secondary osteoporosis varies by case, the degree to which low bone mineral density is involved in fracture risk also varies. Drug-induced secondary osteoporosis is caused by the side effects of treatment drugs used for the primary disease, and its management requires initiation of treatment with simultaneous prevention of the effects of drugs on bone. As with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, there is an increasing awareness that simultaneous management of osteoporosis is necessary when performing estrogen or androgen deprivation therapy.