Abstract
Naphthalene is the simplest and most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in California fuels, with concentrations of up to 2,600 mg L–1 in gasoline and 1,600 mg L–1 in diesel fuel. In this work, naphthalene emission factors for gasoline and diesel vehicles are combined with an activity-based automobile inventory to characterise anthropogenic naphthalene emissions in the South Coast Air Basin of California (SoCAB). A three-dimensional air quality model is used to examine transport and chemical reaction losses of naphthalene in the SoCAB. Inclusion of naphthalene emissions from on-road gasoline and diesel vehicles was found to increase modelled SOA growth by up to 10%. Hence, reductions of naphthalene from both gasoline and diesel fuels may be an effective means of reducing the emissions of an important SOA-forming precursor to the atmosphere of large urban centres with characteristics similar to the SoCAB. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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