Secondary amine-activated ferrate(VI) for isoquinoline degradation: Relationship between molecular structure and reactive performance.

Arylene Diimide Derivatives as Anolyte Materials with Two-Electron Storage for Ultrastable Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

Enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation by MnOOH/CoOOH composites for efficient phenol degradation: Mechanistic insights and practical implications

Polyaniline/graphene oxide (PANI-GO) fibrous nanocomposites have been prepared and the electrochemical catalytic activity towards the electro-oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA), Dopamine (DA) and Uric acid (UA) has been investigated. The nanocomposites were synthesized via an in situ chemical polymerization method. The morphology, composition, thermal and electrochemical properties of the resulting nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis and cyclic voltammetry. The catalytic behavior of PANI-GO nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) towards AA, DA and UA has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The PANI-GO/GCE showed excellent catalytic activity towards electrochemical oxidation of AA, DA and UA compared to the bare GCE. The electrochemical oxidation signal of AA, DA and UA are well separated into three distinct peaks with peak potential separation of 343 mV, 145 mV and 488 mV between AA-DA, DA-UA and AA-UA respectively in CV studies and the corresponding peak potential separation in DPV mode are 320 mV, 230 mV and 550 mV. Under the optimized DPV experimental conditions, the peak current of AA, DA and UA give linear response over the range of 25–200 μM (R2 = 0.9955), 2–18 μM (R2 = 0.9932) and 2–18 μM (R2 = 0.9902) with detection limit of 20 μM, 0.5 μM and 0.2 μM at S/N = 3, respectively. The attractive features of PANI-GO provide potential applications in the simultaneous detection of AA, DA and UA. The excellent electrocatalytic behavior of PANI-GO may lead to new applications in electrochemical analysis.

This article reports on recent developments in heterogeneous AOP processes such as photocatalysis, Fenton-like process and catalytic ozonation. The principle, mechanism, and influence of experimental conditions on the degradation of pollutants in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation and the photocatalytic process were discussed. Introducing solid catalysts substantially increased the efficiency of the ozonation process by producing hydroxyl radicals in the degradation process. The different types of catalyst, catalyst dosage, solution pH, ozone flow rate, water matrix and catalytic reusability and stability are reported on here. The list of various semiconductor materials used as photocatalysts, their light absorption properties, various light sources and surface properties such as surface area, pore size and pore volume as a factor in the photocatalytic degradation of various pollutants are discussed. The review article also discussed the pollutants degraded using these three processes.

Functionalized-graphene modified graphite electrode for the selective determination of dopamine in presence of uric acid and ascorbic acid

In this study, a sol gel method using citric acid as anionic surfactant is used for synthesis of magnesium ferrite. Calcinations of magnesium ferrite at temperature (300°C, 600°C and 800°C) have been conducted after sol gel process. Characterization study of the prepared magnesium ferrite related to calcinations using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Differential thermogravic analysis (DTA), and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been discussed. The study of Cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the prepared magnesium ferrite has been examined to assay the semiconducting behavior of magnesium ferrite in relation to its electrochemical behavior.

Here we systematically characterized the sensor performance of the stem-loop probe (SLP) and linear probe (LP) electrochemical DNA sensors using alternating current voltammetry (ACV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), with the goal of generating the set of operational criteria that best suits each sensor architecture, in addition to elucidating the signaling mechanism behind these sensors. Although the LP sensor shows slightly better % signal suppression (SS) upon hybridization with the perfect match target at 10 Hz, our frequency-dependent study suggests that it shows optimal % SS only in a very limited AC frequency range. Similar results are observed in CV studies in which the LP sensor, when compared to the SLP sensor, displays a narrower range of voltammetric scan rates where the optimal % SS can be achieved. More importantly, the difference between the two sensors' performance is particularly pronounced if the change in integrated charge (Q) upon target hybridization, rather than the peak current (I), is measured in CV. The temperature-dependent study further highlights the differences between the two sensors, where the LP sensor, owing to the flexible linear probe architecture, is more readily perturbed by temperature changes. Both SLP and LP sensors, however, show a loss of % SS when operated at elevated temperatures, despite the significant improvement in the hybridization kinetics. In conjunction with the ACV, CV, and temperature-dependent studies, the electron-transfer kinetics study provides further evidence in support of the proposed signaling mechanism of these two sensors, in which the SLP sensor's signaling efficiency and sensor performance is directly linked to the hybridization-induced conformational change in the redox-labeled probe, whereas the performance of the LP sensor relies on the hybridization-induced change in probe dynamics.

The water matrix plays a complex and significant role in photocatalytic degradation by influencing several factors, including dissolved anions and cations, the presence of natural organic matter, dissolved oxygen, suspended particles, turbidity, pH, and temperature. Optimizing photocatalytic processes for practical water treatment applications necessitates understanding these relationships. The efficiency and efficacy of photocatalytic water treatment systems in degrading organic contaminants can be enhanced by carefully considering and manipulating the water matrix. Based on literature published between 2000 and 2024, this review aims to comprehend the effects of contaminants and water quality on the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Researchers have employed various water matrices and reaction conditions to understand the interactions and impacts of different water matrix pollutants on photodegradation. The literature analysis revealed that when chloride and sulfate ions interact with reactive oxygen species and photocatalysts, their effects are predominantly inhibitory, thereby reducing the photocatalytic activity of the catalysts. Conversely, nitrate ions can exhibit an inhibitory effect under certain conditions by scavenging hydroxyl radicals while promoting photodegradation in other scenarios by generating more reactive oxygen species. The degree of inhibition varies according to the concentration of these factors.

Construction of visible-light-driven 2D/2D NiFe2O4/g-C3N4 Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst for effective degradation of organic pollutants and CO2 reduction

Introduction There are few selected nanomaterials that are being used as base materials in emerging technologies for possessing exceptional potential. Among such materials, tin oxide (SnO2) is a material with exciting sensing properties such as high sensitivity, good chemical stability, high electron mobility, fast response, and good recovery speed [1]. Electrochemical analysis using SnO2 nanomaterial has been used for the qualitative and quantitative determination of amount of electro active analytes. This method is reported to be highly accurate, reliable and cheap. Several characterization techniques are used to investigate the electrochemical response like Cyclic voltammetry (CV), Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV), Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) or Pulsed Amperiometry (PA) [2]. SnO2 nanowires are hereby reported for the detection of Riboflavin (RF). It is observed that the synthesized nanowires can detect the analyte efficiently. Method SnO2 nanowires were synthesized by template-directed electrodeposition. Copper foil was used as the substrate. The Sn nanowires were electrodeposited into the nanoholes of the polycarbonate membranes by a three-electrode system in a solution containing 0.05 M SnCl2.2H2O and HCl at room temperature. The electrochemical synthesis was performed on a CHI660 electrochemical Workstation. The electrodeposition was performed at -0.7 V (vs saturated Ag/AgCl), with platinum serving as the counter electrode. After SnO2 nanowires were electrodeposited into track etch polycarbonate membranes, the assembly system was annealed in the air at 85oC to form an ordered SnO2 nanowire array. Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode and gold as an auxillary electrode were used to set up the modifications in detection technique. CV, DPV and EIS techniques were used for the successful detection of RF. Moreover, for measuring the pH values, a pH meter with a combined electrode (glass-reference electrode) was used. All potentials are measured against the Ag/AgCl reference electrode at room temperature. Results and Conclusions Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) is used to characterize the morphologies of the as-prepared products. To demonstrate the chemical composition, EDS analysis was performed. The crystal structure of the as-prepared samples is determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Cu Kα radiation. All these results showed that the nanowires are successfully synthesized in their pure form. Electrochemical studies were carried out by CV and DPV studies. EIS technique also verified about the successful determination of analytes. The developed sensor exhibits good stability, reproducibility and efficiency. Moreover, its practical application was also checked in pharmaceutical samples by the recovery test. For RF content in pharmaceutical samples in the range from 52-150 μM, the developed sensor retains its linearity which indicates that the fabricated sensor not only works well in 0-13 μM range but beyond that range also. Compared with all other existing electrodes reported in the literature, the reported work not only showed remarkably lower detection limit but also the cheapest electrode ever synthesized.

Iron single-atom catalysts (Fe SACs) hold great promise for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. However, insights into crucial catalytic sites and activation mechanisms of biochar-based Fe SACs for PMS remain a challenge. Herein, cotton stalk-derived biochar-based Fe SACs (Fe SACs-BC) with an asymmetric Fe-N/O-C configuration were prepared, and their PMS activation and acid orange 7 (AO7) degradation mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that the removal efficiency of the Fe SACs-BC catalyst with Fe-N3O-C configuration for AO7 and other five investigated organic dyes reached 95-99% within 15 min. The EPR spectrums, quenching experiments, electrochemical analysis, masking experiments, XPS, and theoretical calculations indicated that degradations of organic dyes were dominated by singlet oxygen, which was generated by direct PMS conversion at the electron-deficient carbon and iron sites in the Fe-N3O-C configuration. The Fe SACs-BC/PMS exhibited high removal efficiency and strong tolerance in different water matrices with a wide pH range, various coexisting anions and interfering substances, showing great potential and applicability for efficient treatment of actual textile wastewaters.

Co nanoparticles anchored N, B, F codoped carbon as an efficient peroxymonosulfate activator for rapid catalytic degradation of organic pollutants

Molecular structure, magnetic properties, cyclic voltammetry of the low-spin iron(III) Bis(4-ethylaniline) complex with the para-chloro substituted meso-tetraphenylporphyrin

Preparation of amine-functionalized lignins for the selective adsorption of Methylene blue and Congo red

C[sbnd]Cl bond activation with Pd(II)-NiO nanoparticles supported on zeolite-Y: The role of charge transfer transition