Abstract
Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are known to have higher incidence of nonhematological second primary malignancies (SPM) compared to general population. In the MYSEC study on 781 secondary myelofibrosis (SMF) patients, the incidence of SPM after SMF diagnosis resulted 0.98/100 patient‐years. When including non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), the incidence arose to 1.56/100 patient‐years. In SMF, JAK inhibitor treatment was associated only with NMSC occurrence. Then, we merged the MYSEC cohort with a large dataset of PV and ET not evolving into SMF. In this subanalysis, we did not find any correlation between SPM and SMF occurrence. These findings highlight the need of studies aimed at identifying MPN patients at higher risk of SPM.
Highlights
In the MYSEC cohort, within a median follow‐up of 14.8 years from Polycythemia vera (PV)/essential thrombocythemia (ET) diagnosis, 55 patients (7%) developed second primary malignancies (SPM)
We evaluated the MYSEC cohort 3 of 781 secondary myelofibrosis (SMF) and the Pavia cohort of 611 PV and 841 ET patients not evolved into SMF during a median follow up of 4.6 years
When including non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) (SPM* group), we found 77 (9.9%) cases, 67 of them with date of diagnosis available: 26 (38.8%) during the ET/PV phase and 41 (61.2%) after SMF transformation
Summary
In the MYSEC cohort, within a median follow‐up of 14.8 years (range, 0.9‐46) from PV/ET diagnosis, 55 patients (7%) developed SPM. When including NMSC (SPM* group), we found 77 (9.9%) cases, 67 of them with date of diagnosis available: 26 (38.8%) during the ET/PV phase and 41 (61.2%) after SMF transformation.
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