Abstract
Using the NOvA neutrino detectors, a broad search has been performed for any signal coincident with 28 gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration between September 2015 and July 2019. For all of these events, NOvA is sensitive to possible arrival of neutrinos and cosmic rays of GeV and higher energies. For five (seven) events in the NOvA Far (Near) Detector, timely public alerts from the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration allowed recording of MeV-scale events. No signal candidates were found.
Highlights
Recent years have seen an explosion in multimessenger astronomy, and the potential for discovery continues to increase at a rapid pace
The energy and 10 Hz triggers were used to search for any burst within a 1000 s window centered on an LIGO/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) event time stamp in addition to the 45 s readout from the LVC triggers
The precise form, as a function of time, of the background rate is quite complex, for the relatively short time windows used in this analysis, we found it sufficient to fit a linear function to the observed rate
Summary
Recent years have seen an explosion in multimessenger astronomy, and the potential for discovery continues to increase at a rapid pace. A flux of high-energy neutrinos, of GeV-scale and higher, is expected from any compact object merger with a neutron star remnant or merger that occurs within a significant concentration of gas [9]. Gravitational waves from unknown or exotic sources (e.g., cosmic strings [12]) may be associated with neutrino bursts. At extragalactic distances we do not expect a detectable flux at NOvA from compact object mergers (observed by LIGO/ Virgo) or supernovae (not yet observed), it is valuable to check this hypothesis in case either a source of gravitational waves has been misidentified as extragalactic when it is not or some observable flux production mechanism has been overlooked. As our only likely sensitivity is to the unexpected, we do not set flux limits for higher-energy signals
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