Sculpting heroes and myths: An anta capital from Alabanda in Caria

This study discusses the harmony of Hindu-Muslim’s local traditions in Jembrana, western Bali. This anthropology study employs Bruner's dominant cultural theory approach to see the practice of harmony in local communities. This study focuses on several local Hindu-Muslim traditions in Jembrana, which reflect harmony among religious communities, namely the tradition of ngejot, makepung, male, and rebana (tambourine). The ethnographic study confirms the importance of respect for the dominant culture carried out by the Muslim minority when implementing their religious traditions. Although the tradition of male and rebana, for instance, are Islamic traditions, Balinese Muslims adapted to Balinese customs as the dominant culture. They understood their positions to maintain and respect the dominant Balinese culture performed by the majority of Hindus in Jembrana. Balinese Hindus tried to show an excellent response to the Muslims by involving them in the local Balinese tradition even with the adaptation of their rituals. It is a wealth of local tradition that shows religious harmony portrait in Indonesia.

This article explores the practical shift of China’s youth internet subculture in the digital era, aiming to advance the localization and mediatization of subculture theory and develop a context-specific theoretical framework. It reveals that digital technologies reshape subcultural expression through technological affordance, algorithmic recommendations amplify subcultural dissemination, and platform rules subtly regulate content production. Subcultures have evolved from “self-entertainment and self-expression” to “transcendence and integration,” with youth practices shifting from “resistance” to “participation,” and discursive strategies blending subcultural symbols with dominant ideologies. Using a multidimensional approach – combining theoretical analysis, case studies, policy interpretation, and technological examination – the study investigates how digital technologies, political regulation, and youth cultural practices interact to reconstruct subcultures. The article’s innovations include: moving beyond the traditional “resistance-incorporation” paradigm to propose a localized framework integrating “soft resistance” and “active participation”; analyzing the shift from “subculture” to “new dominant culture” through the dual lens of technological affordance and cultural policy; and examining digital technologies’ role in subcultural formation, dissemination, and development from a cultural studies perspective, offering fresh insights for localized subculture theory. The findings highlight a mediatized existence for China’s youth internet subculture, driven by technology, politics, and youth agency. Subcultures now engage in complex interactions with dominant culture, transcending marginality. This reconstruction enriches online culture, facilitates the transition to a “new dominant culture,” and provides youth with new spaces for cultural identity and value expression.

Introduction Museums are a significant and powerful vehicle for the public construction of the past and for public involvement in archaeology. For much of their history, archaeological museums have been relatively inward-looking and have tended to serve the needs of the academic discipline of archaeology over and above the needs of the wider public. In recent years, however, museums in general in the UK have begun to open themselves up to enjoyment and participation by a wider range of people and have begun to play a stronger role in contemporary society. Archaeological museums are taking part in this shift towards a focus on the visitor, with the keynotes being on access, active participation and even on tackling social exclusion.1 In this paper, I shall explore some of the initiatives that are being undertaken in the UK, and argue that some of them represent a new way forward for a more publicly oriented concept of archaeology as a discipline which balances the former over-emphasis on the needs of the academic community and ‘posterity’.

En este artículo presentamos los resultados de la investigación desarrollada sobre un grupo de cuatro fragmentos escultóricos en mármol almacenados en el Museo Arqueológico y en el Museo de Bellas Artes de Córdoba que pertenecen a la misma escultura. El trabajo de investigación se ha enfocado por una parte sobre la digitalización 3D de los fragmentos a través de levantamiento fotogramétrico, sobre la restauración virtual y el ensamblaje virtual de los mismos. Por otra parte, la investigación se ha centrado sobre el análisis estilístico, la técnica escultórica y una hipótesis de identificación del personaje representado en la escultura.

Abstrak Pembangunan desa wisata tidak hanya bermodalkan pemandangan alam saja, tetapi kontribusi masyarakat dalam mendukung kegiatan pariwisata sangat diperlukan. Keunikan sebuah desa wisata adalah indikator penting dalam mengembangkan dan sekaligus menjadi daya tarik bagi wisatawan. Penelitian ini sepenuhnya dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Kreativitas dari masyarakat lokal dalam mengemas potensi yang ada membutuhkan dukungan dari pemerintah. Tradisi lokal, kreativitas dan inovasi merupakan indikator yang harus di dukung oleh pemangku kepentingan di desa wisata. Partisipasi aktif masyarakat di suatu destinasi dapat menentukan keberlangsungan kegiatan wisata yang berkualitas. Kegiatan wisata yang berkualitas yang dimaksud adalah pelestarian nilai-nilai lokal dan budaya yang berbasis pada masyarakat dan di dukung penuh oleh pemangku kepentingan terkait untuk menciptakan kepuasan wisatawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk keterlibatan masyarakat, pengembangan desa wisata Gedepangrango, dan rencana keberlanjutan desa wisata melalui partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui focus group discussion dan wawancara kepada pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat pelaku wisata, serta observasi lapangan di desa wisata Gedepangrango. Sementara data sekunder dilakukan melalui pengumpulan dokumen terkait fokus penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) masyarakat lokal telah berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan wisata, namun menemui keterbatasan dalam menciptakan kreativitas seperti pembuatan paket-paket wisata ayang menarik, (2) pengembangan prosuk-produk lokal sudah yang menajadi ciri khas lokal sudah berjalan, namun mengalami keterbatasan dalam pengemasan dan standarisasi, (3) rencana keberlanjutan desa wisata Gedepangrango di dukung sepenuhnya oleh pemerintah desa dan masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaku wisata di desa wisata Gedepangrango perlu pendampingan dalam mengembangkan dan menciptakan kreativitas yang dapat menarik kunjungan wisatawan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya peran masyarakat dalam pengembangan pariwisata berbasis komunitas sebagai bagian dari strategi keberlanjutan, meliputi partisipasi masyarakat, pengembangan dan rencana keberlanjutan desa wisata. Penelitian ini memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi penelitian selanjutnya yang dapat berfokus pada analisis implementasi program pelatihan berkelanjutan, peningkatan daya saing UMKM, dan studi mengenai dampak jangka panjang pariwisata berbasis komunitas terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Selain itu, masyarakat memiliki kesadaran akan peluang dan kesiapan menangkap manfaat yang dapat dikembangkan dari kegiatan pariwisata untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Pariwisata berkelanjutan; Pariwisata berbasis masyarakat; Partisipasi aktif. Abstact The development of tourist villages is not solely reliant on natural scenery; community contributions in supporting tourism activities are essential. The uniqueness of a tourist village is a key indicator for development and serves as an attraction for tourists. This study was conducted entirely using a qualitative approach. The creativity of the local community in packaging existing potentials requires government support. Local traditions, creativity, and innovation are indicators that should be supported by stakeholders in tourist villages. Active community participation at a destination can determine the sustainability of quality tourism activities. Quality tourism activities here refer to the preservation of local values and culture, based on the community and fully supported by relevant stakeholders to create visitor satisfaction. This study aims to assess forms of community involvement, the development of the Gedepangrango tourist village, and the sustainability plan of the village through community participation. This study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach with primary and secondary data collection. Primary data collection was carried out through focus group discussions and interviews with local government and tourism community actors, as well as field observations in the Gedepangrango tourist village. Secondary data were obtained through document collection related to the research focus. The findings of this study indicate that (1) the local community has participated in tourism activities but faces limitations in creating appealing tourism packages, (2) the development of distinctive local products has been progressing, though there are constraints in packaging and standardization, and (3) the sustainability plan of the Gedepangrango tourist village is fully supported by the village government and community. Based on the results, it is evident that tourism actors in the Gedepangrango tourist village need assistance in developing and creating attractions that can attract visitors. This research emphasizes the importance of community involvement in developing community-based tourism as part of the sustainability strategy, including community participation, development, and sustainability planning for tourist villages. It provides a strong foundation for future studies that could focus on analyzing the implementation of sustainable training programs, enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs, and examining the long-term impact of community-based tourism on the economic well-being of local communities. Additionally, the community demonstrates awareness of opportunities and readiness to capture benefits that can be developed from tourism activities to improve their economic well-being. Keywords: Sustainable tourism; Community-based tourism; Active participation

The aim of this study is to uncover a time trend analysis of styles in active sport participation. Basic styles of sport participation are selected and compared from a time trend perspective, covering a 27-year period. The data were collected via questionnaire from different samples of male and female first-year university students in physical education. Sport participation data from 1972 (males only), 1976 (females)/1977 (males), 1982, 1988/93 and 1998/99 are considered and compared. Principal components analysis was used to explore basic dimensions of sport participation at each time interval. The 1972–82 style analysis of the males’ sport participation resulted in a triptych of styles consisting of competitive/traditional, local recreational, and conspicuous recreational sport activities. For the girls, the 1976–82 period yielded a competitive/traditional versus an ostentatiously recreational style pattern. Between 1982 and 1999 active sport participation as a leisure activity did not basically further diverge into different styles of participation. Rather, participation in the different modes of sport participation seems to have intensified. The results are interpreted in a broader approach of style analysis in leisure research and from the perspective of societal changes with regard to sports. It is concluded that style analysis may offer a valuable contribution to research on active sport participation.

Iron Age Terracotta Figurines from the Southern Levant in Context

Chinese traditional architectural decoration has a long history and rich cultural connotation, which is the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people. Architectural decoration is a very important link in the construction of architecture. In Chinese traditional residential houses, architectural decoration carries the cultural phenomenon of folk, folk and all levels of society, and transmits historical information to people. This paper will analyze the cultural connotation of Huizhou residential architectural decoration from the perspective of aesthetic significance and symbolic significance, understand the expression method of symbolic significance, analyze the auspicious patterns of Huizhou architecture, and deeply explore the design implication and aesthetic implication of auspicious patterns in Huizhou architecture. Studying the decorative art of Huizhou residential buildings is helpful to understand the traditional folk culture and art, which reflects the important role of architectural decoration in expressing culture. This paper intends to explore the implied meaning behind the architectural decoration of Huizhou folk houses from the perspective of symbolic significance, analyze and summarize its decoration, and provide reference for the inheritance and development of traditional architectural decoration.

Interreligious dialogue in communities can be realized well in social life and is meaningful only if it is capable of being translated into active participation. If the dialogue is only conceptually rational, the dialogue will bemerely lip service wiped out by the wind. Dialogue from mobilization into active participation must be conducted to achieve human safety, harmony and peace. As the case in Indonesia, whose society is pluralistic, multiculturaland pluralistic active participation in interreligious dialogue will be a very solution to the conflicts that have occurred in the name of religion. Indonesia-ness and diversity must also not only be conceptually rational, but must be an active movement in people’s lives through various ways and means. This paper attempts tobuild awareness that dialogue between religious groups based on active participation is very important for a pluralistic Indonesian society.Key words: Interreligious Dialogue, Mobilization, Indonesia-ness

This article discusses the postcard repertoire of Bahaettin Rahmi Bediz (1875–1951), a Cretan-Turkish photographer working in Candia, Crete. The article contends that Bahaettin's work as a local photographer should be examined through what Michèle Hannoosh calls a “Mediterranean context.” This approach evaluates early photographic practices and visual representations alongside the varied networks of political and cultural subjectivities within a rapidly shifting Mediterranean region during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. By analyzing Bahaettin's work through the lens of a Mediterranean context, one can read Bahaettin's affective voice within his images, as he documents radical political changes on the island.

A tale of two gorges: Late Quaternary site formation and surface dynamics in the Mula basin (Murcia, Spain)

In this article, which is based on twenty four months of combined online and off-line ethnographic research, I show the way that some Iranian diasporic bloggers use their weblogs as entrepreneurship resources during the ‘war on terror’. Through a discourse analysis of a documentary film about Weblogistan and interviews with diasporic Iranian bloggers in Toronto, I argue that Weblogistan is implicated in discourses of militarism and neoliberalism that interpellate the representable Iranian blogger as a gendered neoliberal homo oeconomicus. The production of knowledge about Iran in transnational encounters between the media, think tanks, policy institutions and the Iranian diasporic self-entrepreneurs, relies on gendered civilizational discourses that are inherently tied to the ‘war on terror’. Following feminist scholars who have theorized militarism and gender, I argue that dominant representations of Weblogistan produce different gendered subject positions for Iranian bloggers. Although the masculine blogger soldier takes freedom to Iran through his active participation in proper politics (enabled by his freedom of speech in North America and Europe), the woman blogger finds freedom of expression in writing about sex and telling the truth of her sex in a confessional mode. It is in this war of representation that women bloggers negotiate their subjectivity while shuttling in and out of local and global politics, as subjects of politics (markers of freedom and oppression) and political abjects (not worthy of political participation).

Экологическая повестка заняла центральное место как в политической, так и в социальной формах протеста в России в 2018–2019 гг. Принятие решения об открытии мусорного полигона около станции Шиес в Архангельской области вызвало не только закономерное недовольство жителей политикой региональных элит, но и укрепило положение экологического протеста по всей России, прокладывая путь дискурсивному и фактическому политическому участию. Более того, кейс мусорного полигона около станции Шиес не является исключением, характеризующим российский контекст. Природа сегодня выступает не только объектом, но и субъектом политики во многих странах. Что позволяет сугубо социальному вопросу о состоянии окружающей среды и ее влиянии на повседневную жизнь людей приобретать черты политического обсуждения, требующего конкретного решения? Цель статьи – определить и показать механизмы политизации экологического дискурса в России на примере ситуации, связанной с открытием мусорного полигона около станции Шиес в Архангельской области. Мы покажем, как определенное политическое решение властей, принятое вне публичного обсуждения и при игнорировании конкурирующих дискурсов, привело к доминантному дискурсивному конструированию экологической проблемы как политической. Эмпирической базой исследования послужили 19 полуструктурированных интервью с жителями Архангельской области. Методологией исследования выступает дискурс-анализ, в основе которого лежит аргументативная традиция. Мы сфокусируемся исключительно на аргументативных конструкциях – ссылках на факты, нормативно-правовые акты, риторических приемах для обоснования мнения, – которые субъекты используют для доказательства правоты своей позиции. Покажем, что политизация дискурса и высокая политическая мобилизация граждан произошли за счет трех основных механизмов, которые сработали одновременно: оценка принятого властями решения как нелегитимного, как несправедливого, а также выделение определенных политических лидеров в качестве ответственных за эту несправедливость.

Classroom dialogue is commonly used in teaching and learning, and viewed as in terms of helping students to think critically and understand knowledge better. Thus, educators and scholars call on active participation in classroom dialogue. However, students in mainland China are traditionally viewed as less talkative in class. In this study, I aimed to investigate how Chinese students in secondary school normally participate in classroom dialogue. I designed an instrument for measuring students’ participation, and my research yielded initial evidence for its reliability and validity. The findings indicated that most students generally talked less and the teachers took the lead in initiating dialogue. Accuracy was used as the main criterion for evaluating whether students made a good contribution in class. A positive change was that students developed their reasoning through participating in dialogue.

A room in the Archaeological Museum of Villa Arbusto (Lacco Ameno, Ischia) was set up to house rocks and fossils collected by the renowned archaeologist Giorgio Buchner during his excavation activity on the Island of Ischia. The collection is witness to a long multidisciplinary research activity that saw archaeological studies at the center of volcanological, pedological and palaeoenvironmental researches, aimed at reconstructing the archaeological contexts in the complex geological dynamics of the island. In fact, during the different phases of colonization recorded on the island, the Ischia volcanoes were very active and produced explosive and effusive eruptions, accompanied by a strong geological dynamics that included earthquakes, landslides (even gigantic ones), rapid ground uplift and strong hydrothermal activity. In the room, the samples on display “tell” the evolution of the island and its dynamics in four windows and a chest of drawers, where there is an exposition of the products of the various eruptions, from the oldest to the most recent, sedimentary rocks and the collection of macro and microfossils found in marine sediments, displaced at variable altitudes by the rapid volcano-tectonic deformations that characterize the island. A series of panels and monitors accompany the visitor along a path that, starting from the geological evolution of the island, passes through the relationship between humans and the volcano, the main volcanic phenomena and the reconstruction of an archaeological excavation of exceptional value, where it is possible to see the strong interaction between primary and secondary volcanic phenomena and a human settlement of the first Greek colony in the west: Pithecusae. The exhibition was designed with the purpose of educating the visitors and the local population about the natural history of the island and its volcanoes, and their impact on the human life through time.