Scoping review of magnetic resonance motion imaging phantoms.

Abstract

To review and analyze the currently available MRI motion phantoms.Publications were collected from the Toronto Metropolitan University Library, PubMed, and IEEEXplore. Phantoms were categorized based on the motions they generated: linear/cartesian, cardiac-dilative, lung-dilative,rotational, deformation or rolling. Metrics were extracted from each publication to assess the motion mechanisms, constructionmethods, as well as phantom validation.A total of 60 publications were reviewed, identifying 48 unique motion phantoms. Translational movement was themost common movement (used in 38% of phantoms), followed by cardiac-dilative (27%) movement and rotational movement(23%). The average degrees of freedom for all phantoms were determined to be 1.42.Motion phantom publications lack quantification of their impact on signal-to-noise ratio through standardizedtesting. At present, there is a lack of phantoms that are designed for multi-role as many currently have few degrees of freedom.