Abstract
The formation of scale under sulphuric acid pressure leaching conditions of a limonitic laterite ore was investigated. Experiments were conducted using a batch titanium autoclave in order to study the effects of acidity (0.15–0.40 M), and temperature (250–270°C) on scale formation. It was found that scale increases with acidity reaching a maximum at 0.22 M free sulphuric acid. Further increase of acidity causes reduction of scale, but scale is not affected by temperature. The scale mainly consists of hematite with traces of hydronium alunite as revealed by SEM photographs and EDX analyses. Anionic surfactants were tested as a means of scale reduction with some success. A reduction of 37% in scale formation was achieved at an acidity of 0.22 M and 270°C.
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