Abstract
This paper examines the causes of the ecological disaster in the Aral Sea region of the C.I.S. They lie in the wrong strategy of economic development in former Soviet Central Asia and Kazakhstan, pursuing the goal of expansion of irrigated areas under high water-consuming cotton and rice monocultures, with neglect of the ecological consequences for the Aral Sea and the social impact on the local population. The present tragic situation may be improved if the recommendations of the recently elaborated concept for conservation and restoration of the sea are taken as a blueprint for action. The concept envisages transformation of development strategy in the region, modernization of the irrigation system, afforestation and phytoreclamation in the area.
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