Satysfakcja z życia a treningi funkcjonowania poznawczego u studentek Jagiellońskiego Uniwersytetu Trzeciego Wieku (JUTW)

Satisfaction with life is a key concept for most individuals. The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) for measuring general life satisfaction has been widely analyzed in terms of cross-sectional associations. However, the knowledge about long-term changes in life satisfaction and the associations between such changes and changes in other variables of physical and mental health is limited. A community-based representative sample of the general population has been examined twice with a time interval of six years (n = 4,999), using the SWLS and several other scales. Over the six years, the mean SWLS score of the total sample remained nearly unchanged (M = 27.0, SD = 5.2, both at t1 and at t2). The test-retest correlation was rtt = 0.66 for the total sample, and there were only marginal differences in temporal stability between male and female respondents. Changes in the SWLS over the six years were correlated with changes in optimism (r = 0.23), mental health (r = 0.26), social functioning (r = 0.22), perceived social support (r = 0.21), anxiety (r = -0.30), and physical complaints (r = -0.18). These change score correlations were lower than the corresponding coefficients under the cross-sectional perspective. Measurement invariance across sex, age, and time was established. The SWLS proved to be an appropriate tool for assessing changes in life satisfaction, and correlations between change scores of life satisfaction and health-related variables complement the knowledge about these associations from a cross-sectional perspective.

Change in Life Satisfaction of Adults With Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury

The diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer not only impose significant physical challenges but also deeply affect patients emotionally and psychologically, significantly influencing their overall quality of life. Among the various factors that can positively impact life satisfaction in individuals facing gastrointestinal cancer, spirituality emerges as a crucial aspect. This study aimed to determine the effect of a spiritual intervention on life satisfaction in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with two groups of 85 gastrointestinal cancer patients from two major hospitals in Tehran. The intervention group received spiritual support through social media for six sessions over three weeks to learn how to effectively improve their spiritual state. The control group received routine medical visits and care. The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was used before and after the spiritual support in both the intervention and control groups. The research was approved by the institutional ethics committee. In the pre-test stage, there was no significant difference in average life satisfaction between the intervention and control groups (t = 1.887, d = 0.30, p > 0.05). However, positive changes occurred in the post-test stage. Notably, the disparity in average life satisfaction between the intervention and control groups was significant in the post-test stage (t = 13.118, d = 0.95, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the result showed that the changes in life satisfaction in the intervention group were statistically significant (t = 11.854, d = 0.84, p < 0.001). Changes in life satisfaction in the control group were not statistically significant in the pre-test stage compared to the post-test stage (t = 1.113, d = 0.10, p > 0.05). The results can guide health care providers in dealing with the problems of cancer patients. Assessing patients' spiritual needs and empowering them to promote their spiritual recovery and find meaning in their suffering can lead to improved quality of life and satisfaction with holistic care.

Predictors of life satisfaction: A spinal cord injury cohort study

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) was developed to assess satisfaction with the respondent’s life as a whole. The scale does not assess satisfaction with life domains such as health or finances but allows subjects to integrate and weight these domains in whatever way they choose. Normative data are presented for the scale, which shows good convergent validity with other scales and with other types of assessments of subjective well-being. Life satisfaction as assessed by the SWLS shows a degree of temporal stability (e.g., 0.54 for 4 years), yet the SWLS has shown sufficient sensitivity to be potentially valuable to detect change in life satisfaction during the course of clinical intervention. Further, the scale shows discriminant validity from emotional well-being measures. The SWLS is recommended as a complement to scales that focus on psychopathology or emotional well-being because it assesses an individuals’ conscious evaluative judgment of his or her life by using the person’s own criteria.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) was developed to assess satisfaction with the respondent’s life as a whole. The scale does not assess satisfaction with life domains such as health or finances but allows subjects to integrate and weight these domains in whatever way they choose. Normative data are presented for the scale, which shows good convergent validity with other scales and with other types of assessments of subjective well-being. Life satisfaction as assessed by the SWLS shows a degree of temporal stability (e.g., 0.54 for 4 years), yet the SWLS has shown sufficient sensitivity to be potentially valuable to detect change in life satisfaction during the course of clinical intervention. Further, the scale shows discriminant validity from emotional well-being measures. The SWLS is recommended as a complement to scales that focus on psychopathology or emotional well-being because it assesses an individuals’ conscious evaluative judgment of his or her life by using the person’s own criteria.

BackgroundAn optimal life satisfaction (LS) is considered an important long-term outcome after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is, however, not clear to what extent a single instrument captures all aspects of LS, and different instruments may be needed to comprehensively describe LS. The aim of this study was to compare self-ratings of life satisfaction after a TBI with two commonly used instruments.MethodsLife Satisfaction Questionnaire (LiSat-11), comprising eleven items and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), comprising five items, were administered to 67 individuals (51 men and 16 women). Secondary analysis of data collected as part of a survey of individuals with TBI 6 to 15 years post TBI.ResultsItem 1 in LiSat-11 (‘Life as a whole’) and the total SWLS score was strongly correlated (Spearman’s rho = 0.66; p < 0.001). The total score in SWLS had the strongest correlation with items in LiSat-11. All items in LiSat-11, except ‘Family life’ and ‘Partner relationship’, were moderately to strongly correlated with items in SWLS. The item ‘Partner relationship’ in LiSat-11 did not correlate with any of the items in SWLS or the total score. The item ‘If I could live my life over, I would change nothing’ in SWLS had the weakest correlations with items in LiSat-11. Items ‘Vocation’ and ‘Leisure’ in LISat-11 were most strongly correlated with items in SWLS, whereas the item ‘ADL’ in LiSat-11 was more weakly correlated with items in SWLS.ConclusionsThe strength of the relationships implies that the two instruments assess similar but not identical aspects of LS and therefore complement each other when it is rated.

The aim of this study was to test psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), to provide normative values, and to analyze associations between life satisfaction and sociodemographic and behavioral data. A German community sample (n = 9711) with an age range of 18-80years was surveyed using the SWLS and several other questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the dimensionality of the SWLS. Invariance across gender and age groups was tested with multiple-group CFA. Associations between SWLS, sociodemographic variables, and behavioral variables were tested with ANOVAs. Confirmatory factorial analysis results confirmed that the SWLS is a one-dimensional scale. Measurement invariance across gender was completely confirmed, while concerning age strict measurement invariance was confirmed. The effects of gender and age on satisfaction with life were weak. Satisfaction with life was associated with fatigue (r = - .49), the mental component of quality of life (r = .45), anxiety (r = - .42), dispositional optimism (r = .41), pessimism (r = - .34), sleep quality (r = - .32), and sociodemographic factors such as marital status, income, and occupational status. Non-smokers reported higher life satisfaction than smokers. Because of the good psychometric properties, the SWLS can be recommended for use in epidemiological research. Normative values based on a large community sample are provided.

Problematic eating behaviors and obesity are frequent problems encountered during adolescence that may potentially result in psychological, social and physical consequences that may interfere with adolescent development and well-being. The present study evaluates the relationship between satisfaction with food-related life and satisfaction with family life, and their relationship with life satisfaction in male and female adolescents. We explored the relationships between both subscales of the Revised Restraint Scale (RRS), Diet Concern (DC) and Weight Fluctuation (WF) and adolescent life satisfaction as well as satisfaction with food-related life and family life. We also explored the moderating role of socioeconomic status (SES). A questionnaire was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 470 adolescents (mean age 13.2 years, 52.3% female) in Chile, including the RRS, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Satisfaction with Food-related Life (SWL-Food) scale and Satisfaction with Family Life (SWL-Family) scale. Using structural equation modeling, we found that adolescent life satisfaction was related to satisfaction with family life and food-related life in both genders. In male adolescents, a negative relationship was identified between WF and food-related life satisfaction. In contrast, a negative relationship was identified in female adolescents between DC and food-related life satisfaction. DC and WF were not directly related to life satisfaction or to satisfaction with family life in either gender. SES was found to moderate the relationship between food-related life satisfaction and life satisfaction and the relationship between WF and food-related life satisfaction in female adolescents. These findings suggest that reducing DC in female adolescents and reducing WF in male adolescents and female adolescents from higher SES may improve their food-related life satisfaction.

The impact of a student-led intergenerational support program on life satisfaction, loneliness, and psychological well-being of institutionalized older adults.

This study examined the associations between changes in different types of social support and change in life satisfaction in retired older adults, and the moderating role of socioeconomic status (education and income). Data were extracted from a nationally representative sample of 2837 older adults taken from the survey of the 7th (2018) and 8th (2020) waves of the Korean Retirement and Income Study. The study employed regression analysis to explore the relationships between changes in three types of social support (emotional, informational, instrumental) and changes in life satisfaction. The results of the study indicate that the associations between changes in social support and life satisfaction differed by type of social support and participants' changes in income. Specifically, an increase in emotional social support positively related to an increase in life satisfaction, with a stronger association observed among older adults with decreased income compared to those with increased income. Meanwhile, changes in informational social support were positively related to changes in life satisfaction regardless of education or income level. Finally, changes in instrumental social support were not found to be significantly associated with changes in life satisfaction. This study highlights the importance of considering the types of social support that older adults have and need, as well as changes in their economic status, when seeking to understand their life satisfaction.

Validity of the Life Satisfaction Questions, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury

espanolThe study aimed to determine the type of relationships that could exist between work design, engagement, and life satisfaction. This research was carried out in Madrid, Spain, where a random sample of 305 people answered a survey. All those constructs were assessed with the following instruments: Work Design Questionnaire - WDQ-; Utrecht Work Engagement Scale - UWES - in its short version of 9 items; and Satisfaction with Life Scale - SWLS. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) is proposed in order to determine how work design, engagement and life satisfaction are related. Results from SEM showed that work design indirectly affects life satisfaction and also can serve as predictor of engagement. In other words, work design fully mediates the relationship between engagement and life satisfaction. EnglishThe study aimed to determine the type of relationships that could exist between work design, engagement, and life satisfaction. This research was carried out in Madrid, Spain, where a random sample of 305 people answered a survey. All those constructs were assessed with the following instruments: Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ); Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) in its short version of 9 items; and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The Structural Equation Model (SEM) was decided on in order to determine how work design, engagement and life satisfaction are related. Results from SEM showed that work design indirectly affects life satisfaction and also can serve as a predictor of engagement. In other words, work design fully mediates the relationship between engagement and life satisfaction.

Background: Life satisfaction during the perinatal period has gained increasing attention as a relevant indicator of mental health, providing a more complete view of women’s adaptation to motherhood. Methods: This study examines the evolution of life satisfaction across four time points: the third trimester of pregnancy (T1), 8 weeks after birth (T2), 5 months after birth (T3) and 5 years postpartum (T4). A total of 231 women participated in this longitudinal study. Participants completed an ad hoc questionnaire for sociodemographic data and standardized self-report measures assessing different personality variables (attachment style, social support, maternal self-efficacy and positive/negative affect) at T1 as well as the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (T1–T4). Statistical analyses were performed in order to evaluate the relationships between variables (Student’s test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation), and a linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the contribution of psychosocial variables at each time point. Additional subgroup analyses (employment status and parity) were carried out. Results: Results showed that at the first and second time points, life satisfaction was maintained, but five months after birth (T3), it decreased, and then it changed again five years after birth, increasing to its highest level. The psychosocial variables significantly associated with changes in life satisfaction varied across time points. Differential profiles are also observed depending on the subgroup. Conclusions: These findings suggest that monitoring these variables throughout the perinatal period may help identify women at risk and guide interventions in addition to preventive programs aimed at promoting well-being during the perinatal period and into motherhood.

This study aimed to examine the relationships among meaning and purpose in life, life satisfaction, and occupational burnout among forensic medicine specialists and autopsy technicians. Additionally, the impact of individual and professional variables, including autopsy frequency, on these psychosocial outcomes was investigated. The sample consisted of 298 participants, comprising forensic specialists and autopsy technicians. Data were collected using standardized instruments: the Meaning and Purpose in Life Scale (MPLS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, reliability testing, correlation and regression analyses, as well as t-tests and ANOVA. The results indicated that MPLS and SWLS had moderate reliability, while the MBI showed moderate internal consistency. A strong positive correlation was observed between meaning in life and life satisfaction. Conversely, both were significantly negatively correlated with burnout. Regression analyses revealed that higher MPLS and SWLS scores significantly predicted lower levels of burnout. Moreover, significant differences in MPLS, SWLS, and MBI scores were found based on education level, income, institution, professional role, years of experience, and autopsy workload. The findings suggest that meaning and purpose in life, along with life satisfaction, serve as protective factors against occupational burnout in forensic medicine professionals. High autopsy workload and recent involvement in autopsy procedures were associated with reduced psychological well-being. These results underscore the importance of institutional strategies to support the mental health and long-term sustainability of this vital workforce.