Abstract
Leptin is a peptide hormone produced primarily in adipose tissues. Leptin is considered a biomarker associated with obesity and obesity-mediated diseases. Biosensor detection of leptin in the blood may play a critical role as an indicator of dynamic pathological changes. In this paper, we introduce an electrochemical biosensor that adopts o-Phenylenediamine (oPD) on screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGEs) for detecting the leptin from a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). A linear calibration curve for the leptin concentration was obtained in the ranges from 0.1 to 20 ng/mL with a lower detection limit of 0.033 ng/mL. The leptin concentration was quantified with HRP (horseradish peroxidase)-catalyzed oxidation of oPD by two voltammetry methods: cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). The proposed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based electrochemical biosensor for the leptin in mouse blood serum showed high stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and effectivity compared to the commercial Leptin ELISA measurement. Thus, we believe that this leptin biosensor can be a sensitive analytical tool to detect low-levels of biomarkers in clinics and point-of-care testing (POCT).
Highlights
The number of overweight and obese people is becoming a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide [1,2]
Epididymal fat mass and subcutaneous fat mass were 0.62 g ± 0.13 g and 1.39 g ± 0.25 g, respectively. (Figure 1d,e). Both epididymal fat and subcutaneous fat are categorized as white adipose tissue (WAT)
The development of obesity mainly depends on the amount of WAT because WAT has the highest level of fat-containing adipocytes in mammals
Summary
The number of overweight and obese people is becoming a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide [1,2]. Blood leptin level is proportional to body fat amount, white adipose tissues (WAT). It is reported that overweight and obese people have significantly higher blood leptin levels because of their larger WAT amounts [8,9,10]. The average concentration of blood leptin is approximately 10 ng/mL in adults with normal weight, whereas obese people have 30 ng/mL higher leptin levels [11]. The elevated leptin levels cause autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [12,13,14,15]. It is essential to measure leptin levels to inform healthcare management of obesity and obesity-mediated diseases
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