Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi exposure elicits deliberate physiological alterations and triggers the involvement of ubiquitin mediated proteolysis pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

Involvement of several candidate immune regulatory players at transcriptomic levels during microbial interactions were reported by involving C. elegans as a model system for the past few years. In the present study, we have identified a wide range of phenotypical, physiological and biochemical alterations in C. elegans triggered due to S. Typhi infection using standard approaches. We performed several behavioural studies and molecular studies such as liquid-phase IEF, MALDI-MS and bioinformatics analyses. S. Typhi exerted a slow killing against C. elegans and prompted several phenotypical changes such as egg laying defects, pharyngeal arresting, and triggered functional group variations which were disclosed using FT-IR. Proteome analysis using liquid phase IEF and MALDI-ToF-Mass Spectrometry ended up with the identification of 123 proteins which contains human orthologs. Bioinformatics analysis of the MS identified proteins revealed the involvement of ubiquitination pathway which was then validated using immunoblotting. Extensive studies similar to our study with the utility of high-throughput OMICS technologies during host pathogen interactions may pave a way for the identification of biomarkers against bacterial diseases.