Safety Threats of Seasonal and Non-Seasonal Natural Disasters Increase Disaster Anxiety and Disaster Risk Perception.

This paper is aimed at analysing the impacts of financial preparation and disaster experience on households’ disaster risk perception, including perceptions of likelihood and severity in Quang Binh Province of Vietnam, one of the areas strongly affected by natural disasters and climate change. With the data from direct surveying 308 households in Quang Binh province, the research methodology includes Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA and OLS regression models. The key findings are: First, disaster experience has positive impact on natural disaster risk perception. Second, financial preparation has negative impact on natural disaster risk perception. Third, the risk of natural disasters in Quang Binh Province are increasing and unpredictable due to rapid economic growth and urbanization. This fact requires the Government, provincial commitees, and stakeholders to go beyond traditional coping methods, implement more customized policies and specific actions to try to reduce the risks of natural disasters. Keywords: disaster risk, disaster risk perception, financial preparation, disaster experience.

Influences of mass monitoring and mass prevention systems on peasant households’ disaster risk perception in the landslide-threatened Three Gorges Reservoir area, China

اهداف: هدف اصلی این مقاله شناسایی و پهنه‌بندی محدودۀ منطقۀ ثامن مشهد از نظر آسیب‌پذیری شبکۀ معابر در زمان بروز حوادثی همچون زلزله می‌باشد. روش: این مطالعه براساس هدف، از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش، از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی ـ موردی است. بنابراین ابتدا پارامترهای مؤثر در تعیین کارایی شبکۀ معابر در زمان بروز بلایایی، همچون زلزله با استفاده از نظرات کارشناسان تعیین گردیدند. سپس برای انتخاب بهینه‌ترین مسیر جهت تخلیه‌اضطراری در زلزله‌های احتمالی، از مدل تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی و قابلیت‌ها و تکنیک‌های هم‌پوشانی لایه‌های اطلاعاتی در نرم‌افزار Arc GIS استفاده شده است. یافته‌ها/نتایج: استفاده از فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی نشان داد که در بین شاخص‌های مطرح‌شده، شاخص ویژگی‌های سازه‌ای جداره درمجموع از دیگر شاخص‌ها تأثیرگذاری بیشتری را داشته است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از هم‌پوشانی شاخص‌ها نشان می‌دهد که معابر موجود در شمال منطقه نسبت به بقیۀ محدودۀ موردمطالعه، دارای آسیب‌پذیری بیشتری می‌باشند و با حرکت از شمال به جنوب منطقه، از میزان آسیب‌پذیری کاسته می‌شود. نتیجه‌گیری: بیشتر معابر این منطقه به‌لحاظ دارابودن بافت قدیمی و تراکم بالای جمعیتی و ساختار ساختمانی نامناسب، دارای بیشترین آسیب‌پذیری می‌باشند. بنابراین نیاز است تا زمان اصلاح شبکۀ معابر از مسیرهای اصلی منطقه به‌عنوان بهینه‌ترین مسیرها که دارای بهترین شرایط برای دسترسی به سایر مناطق هستند، استفاده کرد.

Integrated intelligent methodology for large-scale landslide prevention

This research aims to determine the effect of disaster risk perception on disaster preparedness for families on the coast of Sumur district, Pandeglang, Banten. Participants in this research are families who live in coastal area consisting of father or mother in each family. Total respondents were 174 people, all of them were victims of Banten tsunami. The measuring tool used in this research is the disaster risk perception that will be measured using the Risk Perception Belief for Disaster measurement tool that was used in the National Health Survey Risk Perception (NSHRP) in 2012 and further developed by Yong (2017). Disaster preparedness will be measured using instruments based on the grievances that have been put forward by Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and Unesco regarding disaster preparedness. This research approach is a quantitative approach using the test of influence. The results found that there is positive influence between disaster risk perception on disaster preparedness on families in the coastal Sumur district (F = 28.23; p = 0.000 <0.05). The effect of Disaster Risk Perception on Disaster Preparedness is 14.1%. There is a significant influence between the disaster risk perception to disaster preparedness on the family in the coast of Sumur District, Pandeglang. If the disaster risk perception is high, the disaster preparedness will also increase. The implications of the results of this research are research subjects who have a high disaster risk perception, meaning that the community has the value of trust that the place they live has a risk of natural disasters and finally feels they have high responsibility, control, acceptance and response to disaster risk, so that this will encourage the community to be able to carry out disaster preparedness.

Communities living in disaster-prone areas need not only structural preparedness but also a strong psychological capacity to survive and recover from disaster threats. This study examines the influence of Disaster Management Preparedness and Risk Perception on Community Psychological Resilience, with Stress Management as a mediating variable. Using a quantitative associative approach, data were collected from residents of disaster-prone areas in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar Regency, Indonesia, through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that disaster management preparedness and risk perception significantly influence stress management and psychological resilience. Stress management emerged as the strongest predictor of resilience and served as a significant mediator in the relationship between preparedness and resilience, as well as between risk perception and resilience. These results highlight that resilience is strengthened not only by knowledge and structural preparedness, but also by adaptive coping strategies such as problem-focused coping, emotion regulation, and religion-based coping. In the context of Aceh Province, where socio-cultural and religious values strongly shape individual responses to disaster threats, coping mechanisms act as important psychological pathways that transform preparedness and risk awareness into resilient behavior. This study provides practical implications for disaster management authorities to integrate psychosocial strengthening into preparedness programs, emphasizing community education, simulation activities, and culturally rooted psychosocial support to enhance community resilience. Further research is encouraged to adopt mixed methods and explore additional socio-cultural variables to deepen the understanding of resilience dynamics in disaster-prone communities.

Disaster risk, whether natural or manmade, is part and parcel of people’s lives. Drawing from theories and findings from diverse disciplines—including psychology, economics, communications, and public policy—behavioral science can improve our understanding of human perception of and response to natural hazards and disaster risks at the individual level. This perspective complements work on the prediction and assessment of such risks by geologists and climate scientists, as well as research examining the macro-level forces of natural hazards (both drivers and consequences) by sociologists, economists, political scientists, and other scholars. This “micro-level” understanding is relevant not only to governments and businesses for effective risk management but also to general members of the public to promote greater awareness and appropriate individual action. Numerous factors affect how people perceive risks, including natural hazard risks. Behavioral science has demonstrated the important role that various heuristics and biases play in influencing perceptions and decisions across risk domains. For example, people tend to rely on heuristics such as the affect heuristic and the availability heuristic to form judgments about risks; moreover, they are susceptible to myriad biases, such as myopia, amnesia bias, optimism bias, status quo bias, simplification, and herding, in their risk perceptions and judgments. These perceptions could, in turn, affect how people respond to risk behaviorally, such as whether they take actions to protect themselves and others. In particular, the factors affecting preparedness behavior can be broadly categorized into two groups: individual characteristics, such as emotions, self-efficacy, trust in other actors, and perceptions of the preparedness actions themselves; and external contextual factors, notably social norms. To depict how myriad factors affect behaviors relating to natural hazard risks, behavioral scientists have proposed several conceptual frameworks, notably the Protection Motivation Theory and the Protective Action Decision Model. Although much less applied in the space of natural hazards, the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior Model offers another comprehensive framework that holds significant relevance for understanding behavior change. Furthermore, behavioral science offers practical implications to guide effective risk management and, particularly, risk communication in the domain of natural hazards. These implications relate to guiding the general risk-management and data-collection approach, identifying the target audience and segments, designing appropriate interventions, and communicating with key decision-makers—specifically those in government, regulatory agencies, companies, and community leadership roles. Nonetheless, several key challenges in the study of behavioral science exist within the domain of natural hazards. These challenges pertain to the rapidly evolving risk landscape—which poses significant challenges to risk management and communication—the interconnectedness of risks, the spread of misinformation and disinformation, the need for audience segmentation (vs. a one-size-fits-all approach), the complex roles of risk targets, psychological distance and dimensions of risk perception, risk-perception gaps between experts and the public, and, last but not least, data and methodological challenges. At the same time, these challenges present opportunities for future research to bridge gaps between data, theory, and practice, ultimately advancing evidence-based risk communication and informed policy decisions in managing natural hazards and disaster risks.

The threats of natural disasters may happen anytime without recognizing national borders. Southeast Asia is an area which is prone to natural disasters. Every year ASEAN both as an interna-tional organization and its members encounter challenges to natural disaster management which is frequently beyond the country capability. This study is descriptive-analytic normative legal research which focuses on the secondary data as the main data. The finding of this study reveals that country is the main actor in natural disaster management based on primary state responsibility principles. The role of ASEAN is only limited to coordinate and facilitate cooperation among parties in providing humanitarian assistance when the natural disaster occurs. The aid has to get approval from the country which suffers from natural disaster. The role of ASEAN is conducted by AHA Center based on AADMER implemented on 2009. Keywords: ASEAN, Southeast Asia, natural disaster management

Objective: COVID-19 restrictions precipitated rapid work practice changes for family and mental health practitioners, including care via telehealth and secondary exposures to COVID-19 induced violence in client. This descriptive study aimed to examine stress and health among practitioners during COVID-19 restrictions. Method: Participants, recruited via professional networks, were 320 maternal and child health (MCH), child and youth mental health (CYMH) and adult mental health (AMH) practitioners from Victoria, Australia. Participants reported family violence among cases, workplace stress, and mental and physical health problems during COVID-19 restrictions, via an online survey. Results: Rising family violence incidence, including emotional abuse and serious threats against a woman (>25%), child emotional abuse/neglect, and child exposure to family violence were reported. Higher violence was reported by CYMH and AMH than MCH practitioners. We found increases in practitioner stress due to workplace practice changes and exposure to family violence. Highest stress was among CYMH and AHM practitioners. Participants reported worsening mental (63.2%) and physical (51.2%) health. Negative affect was higher among CYMH than MCH participants. Conclusion: Findings demonstrate pressure on family and mental health workforces during COVID-19. Provision of training and support to manage secondary stress from exposures to trauma and changing workplace practices is indicated. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Family and mental health practitioners’ mental health is below normative levels due to exposure to secondary traumatic stress exposure and associated compassion fatigue. (2) Periods of natural and community disaster elevate pressure and distress among mental health professionals and contribute to risk for workforce attrition and among client families are also associated with increased risks for intimate partner violence due to financial pressures and inadequate and confined housing. (3) Concerns about family violence during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions have arisen from publicly available reports of increases in emergency department domestic violence-related injuries and urgent applications to the Family Courts, but research data pertaining to levels of family violence during COVID-19 are scarce. What this study adds: (1) Family and mental health practitioners, especially those in child/youth and adult mental health sectors, reported increased proportions of caseloads in which incidents of family violence occurred during stage-3 COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in Victoria, Australia, contributing to exposure of practitioners to secondary trauma. (2) Practitioners reported higher workplace stress (due to changed work practices and family violence) during COVID-19 restrictions and greater stress was related to greater negative affect, sleep problems, headaches, and gastrointestinal problems. (3) Urgent attention to training and support of family and mental health workers providing care to distressed families during periods of community and natural disaster is indicated.

Research has documented that immigrants tend to experience more negative consequences from natural disasters compared to native-born individuals, although research on how immigrants perceive and respond to natural disaster risks is sparse. We investigated how risk perception and disaster preparedness for natural disasters in immigrants compared to Canadian-born individuals as justifications for culturally-adapted risk communication and management. To this end, we analyzed the ratings on natural disaster risk perception beliefs and preparedness behaviors from a nationally representative survey (N = 1,089). Factor analyses revealed three underlying psychological dimensions of risk perception: external responsibility for disaster management, self-preparedness responsibility, and illusiveness of preparedness. Although immigrants and Canadian-born individuals shared the three-factor structure, there were differences in the salience of five risk perception beliefs. Despite these differences, immigrants and Canadian-born individuals were similar in the level of risk perception dimensions and disaster preparedness. Regression analyses revealed self-preparedness responsibility and external responsibility for disaster management positively predicted disaster preparedness whereas illusiveness of preparedness negatively predicted disaster preparedness in both groups. Our results showed that immigrants' risk perception and disaster preparedness were comparable to their Canadian-born counterparts. That is, immigrant status did not necessarily yield differences in risk perception and disaster preparedness. These social groups may benefit from a risk communication and management strategy that addresses these risk perception dimensions to increase disaster preparedness. Given the diversity of the immigrant population, the model remains to be tested by further population segmentation.

Identifying the influence of disaster education on the risk perception of rural residents in geohazard-prone areas: A propensity score-matched study

This research is aimed to understand the risk perception of Merapi disaster in hazardous community, by viewing the contribution of social network centrality and social trust towards risk perception of natural disaster. Hypotheses in this research are; social network centrality (degree, closeness, betweenness, eigenvector centrality) and social trust which all together are able to predict Merapi’s disaster risk perception. This research was conducted at Dusun Gondoarum, Desa Wonokerto, Kecamatan Turi, Kabupaten Sleman, DIY, with 83 total respondents, research data revealed by psychological scale and name generator. Result of this research prove that social trust, centrality degree, centrality betweeness, centrality closeness, and centrality eigenvector all together are able to predict merapi’s disaster risk perception, with 30.9 % coefficient determination value (R2). Which mean that the research hypothesis is convicted. Two predictor which gave a big role towards natural disaster risk perception are social trust and eigenvector centrality with coefficient determination at 23.6%.

Japan is one of the countries with the most frequent natural disasters in the world and is faced with various threats of natural disasters every year, which significantly impact Japan’s social economy and people’s lives. A great deal of information about disasters is preserved in Japanese literature. Interpreting and organizing this information help us to analyze the regularity of disasters and understand the preventive measures of ancient people. This paper aims to organize, analyze and save disaster data by collecting various information about disasters. Then a disaster spatiotemporal database system is constructed by using deep learning, image processing, and database technology. The system consists of two parts, namely, the disaster database and disaster website. The disaster database is the core of the whole system, which saves the disaster data after organizing and summarizing. The database collects disaster information from various sources, including key information such as disaster type, time, location, scale, and scope of impact. The Disaster website is the system’s user interface, providing an interactive platform for users to access and use disaster data easily. The website has many functions, including search, visual display, disaster information query, etc. We also make a detailed analysis of the collected data, aiming to predict the causes and occurrence rules of disasters so as to achieve the target of disaster prediction.

The natural resource base of Asia constitutes a salient foundation for human security as it provides households and communities with various ecosystems, goods, and services. These resources include but are not limited to forests, fishery, agricultural land, pasture, and fresh water. Natural disasters and climate change pose potent threats to each of these resources and the goods and services that humanity derives from them. In this chapter, we apply the sustainable livelihood framework to synthesize various literature and link the natural resource base to livelihood and human security. First, we review how “vulnerability context” affects “livelihood assets” or the extent to which various natural disasters and climate change is frustrating the role that the natural resource base plays for human security in Asia. Second, we examine how “transforming structure and process” could be improved to create a “livelihood strategy” for better “livelihood outcomes.” Different innovative initiatives and approaches are being undertaken at various scales to prevent and cope with the threat of natural disasters and climate change. Third, we look at some promising practices in Asia to highlight the need to sustain the natural resource-base and livelihood in order to achieve human security. We conclude that a more integrated and participatory approach in natural resource governance is crucial to preserve the natural resources and ensure benefits for resource-dependent communities. These are prerequisites for achieving human security in the region in the context of challenging climate and increasing impacts of disasters.KeywordsSustainable livelihoodNatural resource baseHuman security

This community empowerment activity is carried out in the form of mentoring for the people of Bedagung Village, Panekan District, Magetan Regency, East Java. The people of Bedagung Village, Panekan District, Magetan Regency, are very anxious and afraid of the ferocity of the Covid-19 Non-Natural Disaster. Besides they face natural disasters of landslides and cyclones every year, they are currently facing the ferocity of the Covid 19 pandemic. Bedagung village is located on the slopes of a mountain so it is very prone to natural disasters, landslides. Based on these problems, the role of academics is needed to improve preparedness and Disaster Risk Reduction, through community empowerment. Community empowerment is very much needed through the assistance of Interprofession Collaboration (IPC) and Interprofession Education (IPE) approaches with Disaster Mitigation And Training (DMT). The purpose of empowering community assistance is to realize a Healthy Village through preparedness and disaster risk reduction in dealing with the threat of natural disasters and non-natural disasters (Covid-19). Methods to achieve the goal with the Golden Triangle, namely: 1) apply research and expertise; 2) build university cooperation; 3) apply IPC and IPE from 5 (five) professions, namely the profession of Midwife, Nurse, Electromedical Engineering, Environmental Health and management science. Parties involved in this activity: 1) Magetan Regency Government; 2) Bedagung Village Government; 3) Community health center; 4) Disaster Preparedness Village Team; and 5) Regional Disaster Management Agency. Activities carried out to achieve the objectives include: 1) classical material; 2) field practice; 3) follow-up implementation. The time for empowerment activities is 6 months. Outputs: 1) Journal publications; 2) publication through mass media; 3) Intellectual Property Rights; 4) update the Village Disaster Risk map; 5) the establishment of a Destanasif Task Force (Comprehensive Disaster Resilient Village); 6) have a Volunteer certificate and a trainer certificate; 7) training module with ISBN.