Abstract
Worldwide rabies in dogs is the source of 99% of human infections. This makes dogs potential reservoir and transmitters to human being. Pre and post-exposure prophylaxis are means of protection against the rabies virus. The main objective of this experiment was to determine the safety and immunogenicity of Vero cell culture based rabies vaccine “ETHIORAB” manufactured by Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Vaccine and Diagnostic Production Directorate. The obtained vaccine was tested on mice and satisfactory safety results were observed. Random Clinical Trial (RCT) design was used for this experiment. Twelve experimental dogs from local breed were duly conditioned during a quarantine period and assigned to two groups randomly. Group I (cases) were vaccinated subcutaneously with 1 ml of ETHIORAB. Dogs in group II served as non-vaccinated controls. To evaluate the titer of the rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA), sera were analyzed by Fluorescent Antibody Virus Neutralization (FAVN) test. Serum neutralizing antibody geomtric mean titers (GMT) to rabies virus was determined at days 7, 15, 21, 30, 60 and 90. Geomtric mean titers were equal to 1.55, 1.73, 2.02, 3.45, 3.57 and 3.17 IU/ml respectively. All dogs showed VNA titers higher than the 0.5 IU/ml mandated WHO recommended threshold. This study indicated ETHIORAB rabies vaccine manufactured in Ethiopia is safe and immunogenic.
Highlights
Rabies is acute progressive fatal encephalitis, caused by RNA virus from the family Rhabdoviridae, genus Lyssavirus, which includes seven genotypes [1]
In order to demonstrate that ETHIORAB is safe and effective, this study investigated the safety and immunogenicity of ETHIORAB in 12 dogs of local type
This study was done on 12 dogs under controlled conditions to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of cell culture based rabies vaccine produced in Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute
Summary
Rabies is acute progressive fatal encephalitis, caused by RNA virus from the family Rhabdoviridae, genus Lyssavirus, which includes seven genotypes [1]. A number of carnivore and bat species serve as natural reservoirs, worldwide rabies in dogs is the source of 99% of human infections and poses a threat to >3.3 billion people [2]. There are an estimated 60,000 human rabies related deaths worldwide each year. Many people are at increased risk of being exposed to rabies since, man-dog contact is very common [3]. Annual reports of Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI) indicated that a total of 488 lab confirmed human rabies cases in and around Addis Abeba had occurred between the period 1964 and 1975 [4,5]. The total fatal human cases between 2001-2009 were 386 humans with annual range of 35 to 58 [4]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
