Abstract
e18264 Background: The DOACs apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran offer advantageous alternatives for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment in cancer patients, however, there lacks a prospective assessment in this population. We conducted a meta-analysis of RCTs comparing these DOACs to controls to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these new agents for patients with active cancer. Methods: We systematically searched PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Reviews, CINAHL and Clinicaltrials.gov. Two authors (CK, IA) screened and reviewed abstracts and full text, with disagreements resolved by third author (AB). Data extracted included major bleeding and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding for safety; recurrent VTE and VTE death for efficacy. Analyses included Mantel-Haenszel random effects risk ratios (RR); I2 for heterogeneity; and meta-regression by publication year. Results: Of 2307 records reviewed, 8 RCTs were retained. Pooled analysis yielded safety RR 0.82 (95%CI = 0.56-1.21, I2 = 44% ) and efficacy RR 0.94 (95%CI = 0.68-1.31; I2 = 0%). Meta-regression revealed no publication year bias. Conclusions: Current guidelines have not supported the use of DOACs in clinical cancer practice due to the paucity of data in this setting. Our results indicate no differential efficacy and no increased bleeding risk for DOACs in cancer patients. Additional prospective research is required to determine long term effects in subgroups of cancer patientss at higher risk for VTE or bleeding events. [Table: see text]
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