Abstract
Recent studies have shown that end tidal carbon dioxide (ET CO2) levels have an inverse correlation with serum lactate levels in trauma patients and may be an earlier indicator of the switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism as a result of hypoperfusion to vital organs secondary to hemorrhagic shock. Those studies also suggest that ET CO2 levels (< 35 mm Hg) were associated with acute blood loss and the need for operative intervention. We hypothesize that patients with a significant acute GI bleed may also show lower ET CO2 readings by a similar mechanism in comparison to those with occult GI blood loss, suggesting its value as a prognostic marker in assessing patients with emergency department (ED) presentations of this condition.
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