Abstract
Rural change and farming resilience ‘on the ground’: approaching a relational perspective to strengthen local governance in the Brazilian countryside
Highlights
Globalisation in a rural context has commonly focused on large-scalestructuralchanges, transnational commodity chains or dramatic examples of rapid spatial transformations
The repercussions of challenges for rural areas in the developing world in the early twenty-first century, such as the political economy of new strategies for economic development based on the useand management of resources andthe resilienceof rural communities to globalisation, have received increasing academic attention in recent years (Wilson, 2012; Woods, 2012; Machado, 2017)
The focus for rural studies has been placed on the local community level, as it is here that the spatiality of resilience is implemented ‘on the ground’ (Seymour, 2004; Parnwell, 2007; Wilson, 2010, 2012). The justification for this is both analytical and pragmatic. As commentators such as Agrawal and Gibson (1999), Chaskin (2008) and Wilson (2012) emphasised, over the past decades there has been a resurgence in attention to the community as a critical arena for analysing a range of issues, including societal pathways of change and the resilience of local actors
Summary
Globalisation in a rural context has commonly focused on large-scalestructuralchanges, transnational commodity chains or dramatic examples of rapid spatial transformations. The complexity of spatial restructuring over time in the rural periphery of Greater Rio de Janeiro is investigated to better understandrural change by going beyond the view of inert rural spaces subject to external linear global forces For this reason, the author argues for a multidimensional and relational perspective to analyse the global ruralurban interface of the Brazilian countryside by examining the interaction of both urbanglobal expansion and the social resilient context of different parts of the area through. Building on existing community resilience literature which highlights the importance of different socio-economic and political drivers for understanding community resilience, Kelly et al (2015) analysed how economic, political, institutional, social, cultural and natural factors at community level affect the ability of communities to adapt and adjust decision-making pathways towards resilience They argued that community resilience is the existence, development, and engagement of community resources by community members to thrive in an environment characterised by change, uncertainty, unpredictability, and surprise. According to Brown (2016), resilience concepts can overturn orthodox approaches to international development that remain dominated by modernisation, aid dependency and a focus on economic growth, and to global environmental change, often characterised by technocratic approaches
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