Rural Areas Interoperability Framework: Intelligent Assessment of Renewable Energy Security Issues in PAKISTAN

Abstract

Electricity is an important component of our life. It plays an important role in social development as it improves people’s living standards in urban as well as in rural areas of Pakistan. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), up to 2017, 45% of Pakistani are living without electricity in rural areas. In Pakistan, load shedding is always a critical issue due to hectic energy threats, which are alarming for development especially in rural areas. Currently, there are 10 hours of load shading in cities and 12 to 14 hours in rural areas. There is a need to implement innovative, less costly tools and materials that can convert fossil fuels into renewable energy resources to generate electricity to overcome the load shedding problems in Pakistan especially in rural areas. To overcome the load-shedding problems and to convert the fossil fuels into the renewable energy successfully, we have proposed a Rural Areas Interoperability (RAI) framework for analyzing the geographical and environmental situations, feudal system in Sindh, Balochistan, KPK and some areas in Punjab and suggest a suitable renewable energy resource out of existing renewable energy resources i.e. solar system, wind energy, hydro energy, biomass biogas and thermal energy in a particular area to generate the electricity after analyzing the security issues for installation of these renewable energy resources in the specific area of a district in Pakistan.