Résistance bactérienne : états des lieux au Maroc

Abstract

In Morocco, despite the importance of the subject, no studies concerning the magnitude of the problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics have been conducted nationally. In hospitals, the results of some studies have shown that the use of amoxicillin alone or in combination with clavulanic acid for the treatment of urinary tract infections showed a resistance rate of E. Coli that goes from 50 to 70%. In the city, the growth of antibiotic resistance of this organism in community infections is also considered a disturbing phenomenon since resistance rates remain very high. There are many reasons for this resistance but the major determinant one is the excessive and / or inappropriate use of antibiotics. Surveys have shown that antibiotics engulf more than 25% of the total drug consumption in Moroccan hospitals. In addition, in our cities, there is also an abuse in the prescription of antibiotics. Their counter in pharmacies without prescriptions or diagnosis may explain the misuse of these drugs and the increase of self-medication. From these bad habits in prescribing and increasing antibiotic consumption result the change of the resistance patterns of bacterial species and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. It is high time that all concerned are aware of the seriousness of this problem. Policy monitoring and management of this bacterial resistance should be adopted.