Abstract

In his Heracles the Greek sophist Lucian described the curious picture of Hercules which he claimed to have seen in Gaul. In it the god was portrayed as aged, wizened, clad in a lion's skin, holding his club in his right hand and his bow in his left, and drawing his followers joyously after him by delicate chains of gold and amber, which were fastened to their ears and to the god's pierced tongue. Lucian's Gallic mentor explained the symbolism thus: ‘We do not agree with you Greeks in thinking that Hermes is Eloquence. We identify Heracles with it, because he is far more powerful than Hermes… . We consider that the real Heracles was a wise man who achieved everything by eloquence and applied persuasion as his principal force.’

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