Abstract
Fertility is ability of sexually mature organism to reproduce offspring. Infertility is an inability of organism to conceive a mature. The frequency of male and female factors is above 40% in the structure of marriage infertility, 15% of infertility causes is caused by both partners, 5–10% of cases are not established. The most common causes of female infertility are an ovulation disorders (25–30%) and tubal occlusion (20–25%). Stress is one of the probable cases of the fertility decline and insufficient effectiveness of the reproductive programs, especially for unknown origin. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, which leads to stress reaction, can significantly inhibit the function of the female reproductive system at different levels. Oxidative stress in the ovaries is another important mechanism to reduce fertility. No one doubts that a deficiency of vitamins and elements can reduce fertility and cause infertility. Since impaired fertility involved a number of known active substances, during the infertility treatment should take into account this factor and to include those macro- and microelements and vitamins, the probability of which deficiency is the highest. They include homocysteine, folate, vitamin E, vitamin C, group B vitamins, L-arginine, magnesium, zinc, selenium, and others. According to many publications appointment of the trace elements and vitamins, which are lacking in the body, provides the adaptation of the nervous system, hormonal homeostasis and the optimal condition of the reproductive system organs prior to pregnancy. Physician should be carefully weighed hormone therapy at the fertile period of woman, based on the benefits and risks for the woman and for the unborn child. This hormonal therapy, as a necessary component in patients with endocrine infertility or women in program of assisted reproductive technologies may not have the expected success due to the formation of micronutrient deficiency.
Highlights
В структуре бесплодия в браке частота мужского и женского факторов примерно одинакова и составляет по 40%; в 15% случаев причина бесплодия касается обоих партнеров, в 5–10% случаев она остается неустановленной
При введении овечьего кортикотропин-рилизинг-гормона максимальные значения концентрации адренокортикотропного гормона у женщин оказались намного выше, а увеличение уровня кортизола сохранялось дольше, чем у мужчин [3]
Механизмы взаимодействия репродуктивной системы с гипоталамо-гипофизарно-надпочечниковой системой и норадренергической системой голубого пятна при стрессе [2]
Summary
ВВЕДЕНИЕ Выявление вероятных причин снижения фертильности у женщин репродуктивного возраста сохраняет свою актуальность на протяжении столетий. Фертильность – это способность полово зрелого организма воспроизвести потомство. Остальные структурные или функциональные расстройства репродуктивной системы могут влиять на фертильность, но степень этого влияния установить сложно.
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