Abstract
The PPP occurs parallel to glycolysis in the cytosol, and it is the major cellular source of NADPH and Ribose-5-phosphate (R5P). While NADPH plays a critical role in maintaining cellular antioxidant defenses, R5P serves as a substrate for nucleotide synthesis, thereby governing redox homeostasis and anabolic biosynthesis. Dysregulated PPP has been reported in neurodegenerative disorders as a component of the bioenergetic dysregulation and redox imbalance which are present in these pathologies and known to induce elevated oxidative stress and ultimately increased apoptosis.
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