Abstract
Role of Microbes in Human Health and Diseases
Highlights
Chapter 1Introductory Chapter: Human and Microbes in Health and DiseasesNar Singh Chauhan
The gut microbiome is very essential for the normal functioning of the human body. This complex ecosystem is responsible for many critical functions like (1) metabolism and energy regulation [47]—up to 10% of our daily consumed calories are provided by the microbes who break down complex plant-derived carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), the main energy source of the enterocytes
Administration of a series of prophylactic antibiotics during surgery can result in the loss of microbial gut diversity and antibiotic resistant strains like Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus faecium, and other Enterobacteriaceae can expand their population in the gut
Summary
Microbes are ubiquitous in nature and humans are no exception. Microbes have coevolved with humans and reside in and on human body to develop a host associated structure, called “Human Microbiome” or “Human Microbiota.” These microbial counterparts account toward 10% of human body weight and outnumber human cells by approximately by tenfold and considered as commensals. Microbes have coevolved with humans and reside in and on human body to develop a host associated structure, called “Human Microbiome” or “Human Microbiota.” These microbial counterparts account toward 10% of human body weight and outnumber human cells by approximately by tenfold and considered as commensals. Microbial introduction and the establishment of microbiome is a random process influenced by many factor like mode of delivery, diet, sex, age, genetics, geographical location have a strong impact in shaping human microbiome structure [5–10]. These microbes are in symbiotic relationship, beside gut they are found in mouth, respiratory tract, vagina and skin
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