Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women globally. There is a marked variation in the incidence of colorectal carcinoma worldwide, where western countries having high rate compared to others. p53 tumour suppressor gene is one of the most intensively studied tumour markers in the colorectal tumours. Two markers were used, p53 (oncoprotein p53) and CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) in the study. The 102 cases of paraffin-embedded samples were processed for the immunohistochemistry examination. After the analysis of the selected patients regarding the antibodies distribution, statistical analysis was performed. The current study showed that there was a statistically significant correlation existing between p53 and CEA in each tumour type irrespective of its histological grades. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 4-µm thick sections from 10% formalin- fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men (746,000 cases, 10.0% of the total) and the second in women (614,000 cases, 9.2% of the total) worldwide [1-3]
There is wide geographical variation in incidence across the world and the geographical patterns are very similar in men and women: incidence rates vary ten-fold in both sexes worldwide [4,5], the highest estimated rates being in Australia/New Zealand (ASR 44.8 and 32.2 per 100,000 in men and women respectively), and the lowest in Western Africa (4.5 and 3.8 per 100,000)
Risk factors for development of colorectal carcinoma are old age, History of colorectal adenoma Inflammatory intestinal conditions, Inherited syndromes
Summary
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men (746,000 cases, 10.0% of the total) and the second in women (614,000 cases, 9.2% of the total) worldwide [1-3]. There is wide geographical variation in incidence across the world and the geographical patterns are very similar in men and women: incidence rates vary ten-fold in both sexes worldwide [4,5], the highest estimated rates being in Australia/New Zealand (ASR 44.8 and 32.2 per 100,000 in men and women respectively), and the lowest in Western Africa (4.5 and 3.8 per 100,000). There is less variability in mortality rates worldwide (sixfold in men, four-fold in women), with the highest estimated mortality rates in both sexes in Central and Eastern Europe (20.3 per 100,000 for men, 11.7 per 100,000 for women), and the lowest in Western Africa (3.5 and 3.0, respectively) [6]. Majority of Colorectal carcinomas remain asymptomatic for years. They most often present with fatigue and weakness as these bulky lesions bleed readily and cause anaemia [16]
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