Abstract
Since the cloud radio access network (C-RAN) transmits information signals by jointly transmission, the multiple copies of information signals might be eavesdropped on. Therefore, this paper studies the resource allocation algorithm for secure energy optimization in a downlink C-RAN, via jointly designing base station (BS) mode, beamforming and artificial noise (AN) given imperfect channel state information (CSI) of information receivers (IRs) and eavesdrop receivers (ERs). The considered resource allocation design problem is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem of power minimization under the quality of service (QoS) for each IR, the power constraint for each BS, and the physical layer security (PLS) constraints for each ER. To solve this non-trivial problem, we first adopt smooth -norm approximation and propose a general iterative difference of convex (IDC) algorithm with provable convergence for a difference of convex programming problem. Then, a three-stage algorithm is proposed to solve the original problem, which firstly apply the iterative difference of convex programming with semi-definite relaxation (SDR) technique to provide a roughly (approximately) sparse solution, and then improve the sparsity of the solutions using a deflation based post processing method. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated with extensive simulations for power minimization in secure downlink C-RANs.
Highlights
IntroductionJoint transmission scheme can be adopted to boost the spectral efficiency, one particular technical challenge is the energy consumption due to the fluctuation of data traffic during day and night
The cloud radio access network (C-RAN) [1,2] has been recognized as a promising paradigm for the fifth generation (5G) wireless network [3] in reducing both capital and operating expenditures.In C-RAN, the signal processing for filtering, modulate/demodulate, and detection are moved to the baseband unit (BBU) pool or central unit (CU), and all the low-powered base stations (BSs) are connected to the BBU pool through high capacity fibre fronthaul links or microwave wireless links [2]. joint transmission scheme can be adopted to boost the spectral efficiency, one particular technical challenge is the energy consumption due to the fluctuation of data traffic during day and night
The proposed algorithm achieves comparable performance compares with the exhaustive search algorithm, and our algorithm significantly outperforms the algorithm without considering the BS mode selection
Summary
Joint transmission scheme can be adopted to boost the spectral efficiency, one particular technical challenge is the energy consumption due to the fluctuation of data traffic during day and night. It is of great importance and interest to reduce the network power consumed by the BSs and the corresponding fronthaul links [4,5,6,7]. To achieve power efficient C-RAN, BS mode selection has been proved to be an promising paradigm to save energy [4,5,6,7,8]. Traditional cryptographic technique may Entropy 2020, 22, 223; doi:10.3390/e22020223 www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy
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