Abstract
Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) regulates the generator terminal voltage by controlling the amount of current supplied to the generator field winding by the exciter. Power system stabilizer (PSS) is installed with AVR to damp the low frequency oscillation in Electric power system (EPS). However, for years, PSS paired with high initial response AVR have served as an effective means of meeting sometimes conflicting system stability requirements. In this context, this work presented a methodology with the objective of tuning the parameters of AVR and PSS to improve all the rotor angular stability of an EPS. The tuning of RAT and ESP was modeled using a multi-objective problem. Applying the ɛ- constraint method and a PSO, based on the quantum behavior of the particles, called QPSO, it was possible to solve the problem presented. The AVR and PSS were tuned optimally in a 5-machine equivalent of the South/Southeast Brazilian system. The proposed methodology was compared with the specialized literature and presented better results both for stability to small disturbances and for transient stability.
Highlights
IntroductionRotor angular stability (electromechanical stability) refers to the ability of synchronous machines in the network to maintain synchronism under large (transient stability) or small (small-signal stability) disturbances and which may be directly associated with maintaining or restoring the balance between torque electromagnetic and the mechanical torque of each of the system's synchronous machines [1,2]
Rotor angular stability refers to the ability of synchronous machines in the network to maintain synchronism under large or small disturbances and which may be directly associated with maintaining or restoring the balance between torque electromagnetic and the mechanical torque of each of the system's synchronous machines [1,2]
For years, Power system stabilizer (PSS) paired with high initial response Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) have served as an effective means of meeting sometimes conflicting system stability requirements
Summary
Rotor angular stability (electromechanical stability) refers to the ability of synchronous machines in the network to maintain synchronism under large (transient stability) or small (small-signal stability) disturbances and which may be directly associated with maintaining or restoring the balance between torque electromagnetic and the mechanical torque of each of the system's synchronous machines [1,2]. The AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) and PSS (Power System Stabilizers), when properly tuned, are one of the most economical ways to improve electromechanical stability. For these controllers to contribute positively to the electromechanical stability, the tuning of the AVR and PSS follows the following sequence: first step is to design the AVR and in a second step, adjust the parameters of the PSS [5]. The adjustment of the AVR and PSS parameters aims to satisfy transient stability performance and improve the damping of low frequency electromechanical oscillations [6]. A coordinated design of these controllers is important, since the parameters obtained in the tuning of PSS, in order to improve the damping of the system, are not always adequate in the analysis of transient stability
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