Abstract
Development of a water–gas shift (WGS) catalyst durable in dynamic shutdown/startup operation is essential to enable residential applications of H2-powered fuel-cell systems but remains a conundrum for heterogeneous catalysis. We demonstrate herein that by isomorphic substitution of Zr in the lattice of CeO2 to increase the acid density of the catalyst, complemented by dosing a small amount of O2 to realistic reformate to improve the oxidizing potential, the formation of the notorious site-blocking carbonate species on the Au catalyst can be efficiently retarded. This allows the formation of a highly robust Au/Ce0.4Zr0.6O2 WGS catalyst suitable for the challenging shutdown/startup operation in realistic reformate.
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