Abstract
It is an ongoing task to keep exploring and applying the best available technology to alleviate the pain and sufferings of the cancer patients. Since the discovery of robotic surgery, da Vinci surgical systems have played a special and significant role in cancer surgeries worldwide, however, surgeons are still skeptical with the clinical and oncological outcomes which are almost comparable to the laparoscopic approach in several cancers. Many meta-analyses using mostly retrospective studies indicated significant advantage of robotic surgery over laparoscopic or open surgery approaches for various cancers, however, scarcity of technically sound robot savvy surgeons and quality multicentered, multinational, coordinated, random clinical trials had not done justice to the positives of robotic surgery which were quite often suppressed by the negative factors like operative cost and oncological outcomes. Nevertheless, robotic surgery approach has been clinically accepted for hysterectomy and prostatectomy. This overview briefly discusses the comparative approaches (open, laparoscopic, robotic assisted) and their clinical outcomes in the surgery of various cancers.
Highlights
Traditional Surgery (TS) where surgeons make large incisions on the body of the patient and perform surgery using surgical instruments and a certified procedure to investigate or treat a pathological condition is still practiced for most clinical cases
Prostatectomy is generally recommended if cancer has not yet spread to the other regions persisting in this area
The complex and intuitive motion of the robotic arms allows for microscale manipulation, and even in a small operating area, surgeons can accurately perform delicate tasks
Summary
Traditional Surgery (TS) where surgeons make large incisions on the body of the patient and perform surgery using surgical instruments and a certified procedure to investigate or treat a pathological condition is still practiced for most clinical cases. This was transformed later into Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), a practice of performing surgery through small incisions using specialized sur-. While finding solutions as to how surgical precision can be attained, many researchers started finding a way to use robots to assist surgeons in performing surgeries. We will discuss the development and transformation journey of various robotic systems mainly da Vinci robots and their significance in the surgery of a few prominent cancers
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