Abstract
Background: Although public bodies need to know drivers’ perception of road safety, in Latin America there are no valid and reliable instruments that propose an integral dimensionality. The objective of this study was to design and validate a Road Safety Perception Questionnaire (RSPQ). Methodology: The design included a review of the available evidence and expert knowledge to select the dimensional items for the instrument. A pilot test was carried out to determine possible corrections and adjustments to the questionnaire, after which a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed on a stratified sample of 736 Ecuadorian drivers to determine its reliability and construct validity. Results: The results suggest that the RSPQ has a clear factorial structure with high factorial weight items and good internal consistency. The results of the 41-item model grouped into six dimensions (human, vehicle, road infrastructure, regulatory framework and intervention measures, socioeconomic and driving precautions) obtained the best adjustment indexes at the absolute, incremental and parsimonious levels. Conclusions: The preliminary RSPQ evidence can be considered a valid and reliable instrument to assess drivers’ perception of road safety.
Highlights
IntroductionTraffic accidents are a national and social problem due to their high cost in material damages and human lives [3], in certain regions such as South America, where there were 154,997 deaths due to traffic accidents in 2016, i.e., 11% of the total deaths for this reason worldwide
Road safety is a high priority issue in all countries, especially in Latin America
The theoretical survey consisted of five factors, which in the course of the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were modified to six factors (vehicle (FV), road infrastructure (FIV), regulatory framework and intervention measures (FN), socio-economic (FS), human (FH), and the new one defined as driving precautions (FPC)
Summary
Traffic accidents are a national and social problem due to their high cost in material damages and human lives [3], in certain regions such as South America, where there were 154,997 deaths due to traffic accidents in 2016, i.e., 11% of the total deaths for this reason worldwide. Of the total number of traffic accidents recorded by the National Traffic Agency (ANT), 96.08% were due to human factors such as distraction, negligence, and in some cases a lack of knowledge of the highway code [5]. This indicates a difficult situation and significantly reducing the number of road accident deaths is a complex task
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