Risk management of oil maritime transportation

Abstract

The largest oil deposits discovered in the world are located in places far from developed countries that are major consumers of energy. This situation is the reason why, for two decades, huge quantities of hydrocarbons are transported everywhere in the world either by sea or by road. The oil trade and the market are subject to an inexorable competitive pricing. In reality, the age of the tanker intervenes in the decision-making process; it is often the cheapest available tonnage offered by the oldest ships that controls prices. It is therefore difficult to ensure that quality pays for; this phenomenon probably involves some risk for the maritime security as a whole: human (accidents, shipwrecks) and environmental (vegetation pollution e.g. fauna and flora), and on health).