Abstract
Background & Objective: Stunting is a malnutrition that illustrates stunted growth, which is long and takes time to recover. Poboya gold mining is the largest source of entry of mercury metals, the danger posed that affects the growth. This study aims to determine the risk factors of exclusive breastfeeding, infectious diseases and immunization status with the incidence of stunting in children aged 12-59 months in the Poboya Mine Region . Material and Methods: This type of research is quantitative with case control method. The number of samples used in this study were 84 respondents consisting of 21 cases and 63 controls with a ratio of 1: 3. Sampling using total sampling technique. Exclusive breastfeeding data, infectious diseases and immunization status were obtained through interviews using questionnaires. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis. Data obtained from statistical analysis using Odds ratio (OR). Results: Toddlers who get exclusive breastfeeding are 28.6% (case group) and 65.1% (control group). Toddlers who suffer from infectious diseases are 81.0% (case group) and 55.6% (control group). The immunization status incomplete 52.4% (case group) and 22.2% (control group). The toddlers were not exclusively breastfed OR = 4,659 (95% CI 1,583-13,708), history of infectious disease OR = 3,400 (95% CI 1.027-11,257) and immunization status OR = 3,850 (95% CI 1,358-10,916) stunting event. Conclusion: The conclusions of this study are non-exclusive breastfeeding, history of infectious diseases and incomplete immunization is a risk factor for stunting.
Highlights
Background & ObjectiveStunting is a malnutrition that illustrates stunted growth, which is long and takes time to recover
Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian Rajan dkk (2012) yang menyatakan bahwa anak yang tidak diberikan Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif berisiko 6,90 kali lebih besar untuk menderita stunting (Rajan, 2012)
Selain itu penelitian Fikadu et al (2014) menyatakan bahwa anak yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif
Summary
Stunting (tubuh pendek) adalah keadaan tubuh yang sangat pendek hingga melampaui defisit 2 SD di bawah median panjang atau tinggi badan populasi yang menjadi referensi internasional. Sejumlah penelitian memperlihatkan keterkaitan antara stunting dengan perkembangan motorik dan mental yang buruk pada usia kanak-kanak dini, serta prestasi kognitif dan prestasi sekolah yang buruk pada usia kanak-kanak lanjut (Gibney, 2008). Begitu juga dengan Haiti mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2000 prevalensi stunting 28,3% menjadi 29,7% pada tahun 2006, dan Peru terjadi penurunan di tahun 1996 yaitu 31,6%, prevalensi stunting di Peru masih berada dikisaran 30% pada tahun 2005, sedangkan prevalensi stunting di Asia tahun 2007 adalah 30,6% (UNSCN, 2008). Menurut data Riskesdas 2013 Prevalensi stunting secara nasional pada tahun 2013 adalah 37,2%. Prevalensi stunting sebesar 37,2% terdiri dari 18,0% sangat pendek dan 19,2% pendek (Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2013). Di Sulawesi Tengah pada tahun 2015 balita sangat pendek adalah 11.4 % dan balita pendek adalah 23.9 %. Sedangkan untuk Kota Palu prevalensi stunting pada balita adalah 36% (Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, 2015)
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