Abstract
Introduction: ARI has been estimated to be the single largest cause of death in young children. This study will be used to evaluate factors that may predict mortality due to ALRTI in children, thus helping to identify those at risk, so that timely therapeutic measures may be instituted. Material and Methods: A prospective case control study on 200 children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in the age group of 1 month to 5 years of age, conducted during the period august 2010 to October 2011 at Ekta institute of child health, Raipur, C.G. Detailed history, clinical examination, radiological and biochemical tests were done. Case fatality rate was calculated using formula- Total number of deaths due to a particular disease / Total number of cases due to the same disease × 100 Chi square test was applied and p value calculated. Results: Cases were those who died during study & controls were those who were discharged.There were 182 controls and 18 cases, the risk factors which were evaluated are 1-2 months age, male child, class V socioeconomic status, grade IV malnutrition, very severe pneumonia, afebrile, hyponatremic and hypoxemic patients. Conclusion: In children with an acute lower respiratory tract infection, simple physical signs that require minimal expertise to recognise can be used to determine oxygen therapy and to aid in screening for referral. The association between hypoxemia and death highlights the need for early recognition of the condition and the potential benefit of treatment.
Highlights
Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) has been estimated to be the single largest cause of death in young children
Acute lower respiratory tract infection is responsible for 19% of all deaths in children below 5 years and 82% of all disabilities and premature mortality as measured by disability adjusted life years (DALY)[3]
For doctors and health workers at all levels of health care, it is essential to be aware of the host and clinical factors that influence the outcome of children with acute respiratory tract infection (ALRI)
Summary
Acute lower respiratory tract infection are being increasingly recognised as a major cause of mortality and one of the common cause of morbidity in children below 5 years of age [1]. Every year 3.9 million deaths occur worldwide. An estimated 29% of all deaths in children younger than 5 years worldwide occur due to acute lower respiratory tract infection. Acute lower respiratory tract infection is responsible for 19% of all deaths in children below 5 years and 82% of all disabilities and premature mortality as measured by disability adjusted life years (DALY)[3]. For doctors and health workers at all levels of health care, it is essential to be aware of the host and clinical factors that influence the outcome of children with acute respiratory tract infection (ALRI). Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research Available online at: www.medresearch.in 150|P a g e
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